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169 lines
6.5 KiB
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169 lines
6.5 KiB
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Disk images
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===========
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86Box supports a large variety of disk image formats for the emulated storage drives.
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.. |86f| replace:: :doc:`../dev/formats/86f`
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.. |hdx| replace:: :doc:`../dev/formats/hdx`
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Hard disk images
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----------------
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Supported formats:
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+-----------------+--------------+
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|Format |File extension|
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+=================+==============+
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|**Raw image** |Many * |
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+-----------------+--------------+
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|Japanese FDI |.hdi |
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+-----------------+--------------+
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||hdx| |.hdx |
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+-----------------+--------------+
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|Virtual Hard Disk|.vhd |
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+-----------------+--------------+
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\* Raw image extensions recognized by 86Box include: .hdd .ima .img
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Hard disk size limits
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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There are limits to how big of a hard disk an emulated machine can accept. Such limits will vary depending on the machine's BIOS. The table below lists all important limits applicable to the IDE bus:
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+----------------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
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|Limit |Disk size|Cylinders|Heads|Sectors|
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+================+=========+=========+=====+=======+
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|20-bit CHS |504 MB |1024 |16 |63 |
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+----------------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
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|12-bit cylinder |2015 MB |4095 |16 |63 |
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+----------------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
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|ECHS translation|4032 MB |1024 |128 |63 |
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+----------------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
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|Revised ECHS |7560 MB |1024 |240 |63 |
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+----------------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
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|LBA translation |8032 MB |1024 |255 |63 |
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+----------------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
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|16-bit cylinder |32255 MB |65535 |16 |63 |
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+----------------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
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|28-bit CHS |130558 MB|65535 |255 |63 |
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+----------------+---------+---------+-----+-------+
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|86Box |131071 MB|Not applicable |
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+----------------+---------+-----------------------+
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The maximum supported disk image size for IDE or SCSI is 131071 MB. Disk overlay software such as *Ontrack Disk Manager* can work around BIOS limits and allow booting of IDE hard drives within the 131071 MB limit, with the same caveats as using such software on a real machine.
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Floppy disk images
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------------------
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Supported formats:
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+--------------------+--------------+
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|Format |File extension|
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+====================+==============+
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|**Raw image** |Many * |
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+--------------------+--------------+
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||86f| |.86f |
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+--------------------+--------------+
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|CopyQM |.cq / .cqm |
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+--------------------+--------------+
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|DiskDupe |.ddi |
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+--------------------+--------------+
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|EZ-DisKlone Plus |.fdf |
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+--------------------+--------------+
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|Formatted Disk Image|.fdi |
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+--------------------+--------------+
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|HxC MFM |.mfm |
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+--------------------+--------------+
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|ImageDisk |.imd |
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+--------------------+--------------+
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|Japanese FDI |.fdi |
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+--------------------+--------------+
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|PCjs JSON |.json |
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+--------------------+--------------+
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|Teledisk |.td0 |
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+--------------------+--------------+
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\* Raw image extensions recognized by 86Box include: .bin .dsk .flp .hdm .ima .img .vfd .xdf
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Floppy disk detection
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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86Box determines the physical media format (sides, tracks per side, sectors per track, bytes per sector) of a floppy disk image through the following methods:
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1. Image file header data - not applicable for **Raw** and **DiskDupe** formats;
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2. `DOS BIOS Parameter Block <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS_parameter_block>`_ data within the image;
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3. If all else fails, a guess is made based on the image file's size.
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The BIOS Parameter Block detection method may behave incorrectly with non-DOS floppy disks. Installation floppies for UNIX and Linux are common examples of non-DOS disks. Disabling :ref:`Check BPB <settings/floppycdrom:Floppy drives>` is strongly recommended when accessing these, as an inaccurate BPB detection may result in read errors, data corruption and other issues.
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.. note:: When using a **Raw** image of a non-DOS floppy with Check BPB disabled, make sure the image file is not truncated (smaller than its media size), otherwise incorrect behavior may still occur.
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MO / ZIP removable disk images
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------------------------------
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Supported formats:
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+---------------------+--------------+
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|Format |File extension|
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+=====================+==============+
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|**Raw image** |Many * |
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+---------------------+--------------+
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|Japanese FDI |.mdi (MO) |
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| +--------------+
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| |.zdi (ZIP) |
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+---------------------+--------------+
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\* Raw image extensions recognized by 86Box include: .ima .img
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CD-ROM / DVD-ROM optical disc images
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------------------------------------
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Supported formats:
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+---------------------+--------------+
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|Format |File extension|
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+=====================+==============+
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|Cue sheet |.cue + .bin |
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+---------------------+--------------+
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|ISO |.iso |
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+---------------------+--------------+
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CD audio
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^^^^^^^^
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Compact Disc Digital Audio (CDDA) playback through the emulated CD-ROM drives is supported on **Cue sheet** images. Audio output is enabled on the first CD-ROM drive and muted on subsequent drives by default; individual drives can be muted or unmuted through the :ref:`status bar <usage/statusbar:|cdrom| |nbsp| CD-ROM drives>` or :ref:`Media menu <usage/menubar:Media>`.
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.. note:: Only raw format (.bin) tracks are supported. Compressed or otherwise encapsulated audio tracks (.wav, .mp3, .ogg, .flac and other formats) are not supported.
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Cassette tape images
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--------------------
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Supported formats:
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+---------------------+--------------+
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|Format |File extension|
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+=====================+==============+
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|**Raw PCM audio** |Many * |
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+---------------------+--------------+
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|PCE cassette |.cas |
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+---------------------+--------------+
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|Wave audio |.wav |
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+---------------------+--------------+
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\* Raw audio extensions recognized by 86Box include: .pcm .raw
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PCjr cartridge images
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---------------------
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Supported formats:
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+---------------------+--------------+
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|Format |File extension|
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+=====================+==============+
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|**Raw image** |Many * |
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+---------------------+--------------+
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|JRipCart |.jrc |
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+---------------------+--------------+
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\* Raw image extensions recognized by 86Box include: .a .b .bin
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