diff --git a/esphome/components/time/posix_tz.cpp b/esphome/components/time/posix_tz.cpp
index 1186b3064c..178eaff191 100644
--- a/esphome/components/time/posix_tz.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/time/posix_tz.cpp
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ time_t calculate_dst_transition(int year, const DSTRule &rule, int32_t base_offs
 
     case DSTRuleType::JULIAN_NO_LEAP:
       // J format: day 1-365, Feb 29 not counted
-      internal::julian_to_month_day(rule.day, year, month, day);
+      internal::julian_to_month_day(rule.day, month, day);
       break;
 
     case DSTRuleType::DAY_OF_YEAR:
diff --git a/tests/components/time/posix_tz_parser.cpp b/tests/components/time/posix_tz_parser.cpp
index 6c1fea36e5..aab714614c 100644
--- a/tests/components/time/posix_tz_parser.cpp
+++ b/tests/components/time/posix_tz_parser.cpp
@@ -278,12 +278,9 @@ TEST(PosixTzParser, PlainDayInvalidDay366) {
 // ============================================================================
 
 TEST(PosixTzParser, JulianDay60IsMarch1) {
-  // J60 is always March 1, regardless of leap year
+  // J60 is always March 1 (J format ignores leap years by design)
   int month, day;
-  internal::julian_to_month_day(60, 2024, month, day);  // Leap year
-  EXPECT_EQ(month, 3);
-  EXPECT_EQ(day, 1);
-  internal::julian_to_month_day(60, 2025, month, day);  // Non-leap year
+  internal::julian_to_month_day(60, month, day);
   EXPECT_EQ(month, 3);
   EXPECT_EQ(day, 1);
 }
@@ -318,14 +315,14 @@ TEST(PosixTzParser, LeapYearDetection) {
 
 TEST(PosixTzParser, JulianDay1IsJan1) {
   int month, day;
-  internal::julian_to_month_day(1, 2025, month, day);
+  internal::julian_to_month_day(1, month, day);
   EXPECT_EQ(month, 1);
   EXPECT_EQ(day, 1);
 }
 
 TEST(PosixTzParser, JulianDay365IsDec31) {
   int month, day;
-  internal::julian_to_month_day(365, 2025, month, day);
+  internal::julian_to_month_day(365, month, day);
   EXPECT_EQ(month, 12);
   EXPECT_EQ(day, 31);
 }