diff --git a/esphome/components/udp/__init__.py b/esphome/components/udp/__init__.py
index bfaa5f2516..99a3dab868 100644
--- a/esphome/components/udp/__init__.py
+++ b/esphome/components/udp/__init__.py
@@ -65,33 +65,47 @@ RELOCATED = {
     )
 }
 
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA.extend(
-    {
-        cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(UDPComponent),
-        cv.Optional(CONF_PORT, default=18511): cv.Any(
-            cv.port,
-            cv.Schema(
+
+def _consume_udp_sockets(config: cv.ConfigType) -> cv.ConfigType:
+    """Register socket needs for UDP component."""
+    from esphome.components import socket
+
+    # UDP uses up to 2 sockets: 1 broadcast + 1 listen
+    # Whether each is used depends on code generation, so register worst case
+    socket.consume_sockets(2, "udp")(config)
+    return config
+
+
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
+    cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA.extend(
+        {
+            cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(UDPComponent),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_PORT, default=18511): cv.Any(
+                cv.port,
+                cv.Schema(
+                    {
+                        cv.Required(CONF_LISTEN_PORT): cv.port,
+                        cv.Required(CONF_BROADCAST_PORT): cv.port,
+                    }
+                ),
+            ),
+            cv.Optional(
+                CONF_LISTEN_ADDRESS, default="255.255.255.255"
+            ): cv.ipv4address_multi_broadcast,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_ADDRESSES, default=["255.255.255.255"]): cv.ensure_list(
+                cv.ipv4address,
+            ),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_ON_RECEIVE): automation.validate_automation(
                 {
-                    cv.Required(CONF_LISTEN_PORT): cv.port,
-                    cv.Required(CONF_BROADCAST_PORT): cv.port,
+                    cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(
+                        Trigger.template(trigger_args)
+                    ),
                 }
             ),
-        ),
-        cv.Optional(
-            CONF_LISTEN_ADDRESS, default="255.255.255.255"
-        ): cv.ipv4address_multi_broadcast,
-        cv.Optional(CONF_ADDRESSES, default=["255.255.255.255"]): cv.ensure_list(
-            cv.ipv4address,
-        ),
-        cv.Optional(CONF_ON_RECEIVE): automation.validate_automation(
-            {
-                cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(
-                    Trigger.template(trigger_args)
-                ),
-            }
-        ),
-    }
-).extend(RELOCATED)
+        }
+    ).extend(RELOCATED),
+    _consume_udp_sockets,
+)
 
 
 async def register_udp_client(var, config):