Merge branch 'dev' into light-gamma-lut

.clang-tidy.hash

@@ -1 +1 @@
-ce05c28e9dc0b12c4f6e7454986ffea5123ac974a949da841be698c535f2083e
+5eb1e5852765114ad06533220d3160b6c23f5ccefc4de41828699de5dfff5ad6

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
 
       # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
       - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@9e907b5e64f6b83e7804b09294d44122997950d6 # v4.32.3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@89a39a4e59826350b863aa6b6252a07ad50cf83e # v4.32.4
         with:
           languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
           build-mode: ${{ matrix.build-mode }}
@@ -86,6 +86,6 @@ jobs:
           exit 1
 
       - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@9e907b5e64f6b83e7804b09294d44122997950d6 # v4.32.3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@89a39a4e59826350b863aa6b6252a07ad50cf83e # v4.32.4
         with:
           category: "/language:${{matrix.language}}"

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ci:
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
     # Ruff version.
-    rev: v0.15.1
+    rev: v0.15.2
     hooks:
       # Run the linter.
       - id: ruff

CODEOWNERS

@@ -213,6 +213,7 @@ esphome/components/hbridge/light/* @DotNetDann
 esphome/components/hbridge/switch/* @dwmw2
 esphome/components/hc8/* @omartijn
 esphome/components/hdc2010/* @optimusprimespace @ssieb
+esphome/components/hdc302x/* @joshuasing
 esphome/components/he60r/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/heatpumpir/* @rob-deutsch
 esphome/components/hitachi_ac424/* @sourabhjaiswal

esphome/__main__.py

@@ -431,6 +431,14 @@ def run_miniterm(config: ConfigType, port: str, args) -> int:
         return 1
     _LOGGER.info("Starting log output from %s with baud rate %s", port, baud_rate)
 
+    process_stacktrace = None
+
+    try:
+        module = importlib.import_module("esphome.components." + CORE.target_platform)
+        process_stacktrace = getattr(module, "process_stacktrace")
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+
     backtrace_state = False
     ser = serial.Serial()
     ser.baudrate = baud_rate
@@ -472,9 +480,14 @@ def run_miniterm(config: ConfigType, port: str, args) -> int:
                             )
                             safe_print(parser.parse_line(line, time_str))
 
-                            backtrace_state = platformio_api.process_stacktrace(
-                                config, line, backtrace_state=backtrace_state
-                            )
+                            if process_stacktrace:
+                                backtrace_state = process_stacktrace(
+                                    config, line, backtrace_state
+                                )
+                            else:
+                                backtrace_state = platformio_api.process_stacktrace(
+                                    config, line, backtrace_state=backtrace_state
+                                )
                     except serial.SerialException:
                         _LOGGER.error("Serial port closed!")
                         return 0
@@ -944,12 +957,6 @@ def command_clean_all(args: ArgsProtocol) -> int | None:
     return 0
 
 
-def command_mqtt_fingerprint(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int | None:
-    from esphome import mqtt
-
-    return mqtt.get_fingerprint(config)
-
-
 def command_version(args: ArgsProtocol) -> int | None:
     safe_print(f"Version: {const.__version__}")
     return 0
@@ -1237,7 +1244,6 @@ POST_CONFIG_ACTIONS = {
     "run": command_run,
     "clean": command_clean,
     "clean-mqtt": command_clean_mqtt,
-    "mqtt-fingerprint": command_mqtt_fingerprint,
     "idedata": command_idedata,
     "rename": command_rename,
     "discover": command_discover,
@@ -1451,13 +1457,6 @@ def parse_args(argv):
     )
     parser_wizard.add_argument("configuration", help="Your YAML configuration file.")
 
-    parser_fingerprint = subparsers.add_parser(
-        "mqtt-fingerprint", help="Get the SSL fingerprint from a MQTT broker."
-    )
-    parser_fingerprint.add_argument(
-        "configuration", help="Your YAML configuration file(s).", nargs="+"
-    )
-
     subparsers.add_parser("version", help="Print the ESPHome version and exit.")
 
     parser_clean = subparsers.add_parser(

esphome/components/absolute_humidity/absolute_humidity.cpp

@@ -92,10 +92,7 @@ void AbsoluteHumidityComponent::loop() {
   // Calculate absolute humidity
   const float absolute_humidity = vapor_density(es, hr, temperature_k);
 
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG,
-           "Saturation vapor pressure %f kPa\n"
-           "Publishing absolute humidity %f g/m³",
-           es, absolute_humidity);
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Saturation vapor pressure %f kPa, absolute humidity %f g/m³", es, absolute_humidity);
 
   // Publish absolute humidity
   this->status_clear_warning();

esphome/components/anova/anova.cpp

@@ -67,10 +67,8 @@ void Anova::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gattc_
     case ESP_GATTC_SEARCH_CMPL_EVT: {
       auto *chr = this->parent_->get_characteristic(ANOVA_SERVICE_UUID, ANOVA_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
       if (chr == nullptr) {
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG,
-                 "[%s] No control service found at device, not an Anova..?\n"
-                 "[%s] Note, this component does not currently support Anova Nano.",
-                 this->get_name().c_str(), this->get_name().c_str());
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] No control service found at device, not an Anova..?", this->get_name().c_str());
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Note, this component does not currently support Anova Nano.", this->get_name().c_str());
         break;
       }
       this->char_handle_ = chr->handle;

esphome/components/api/__init__.py

@@ -233,8 +233,8 @@ def _consume_api_sockets(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
 
     # API needs 1 listening socket + typically 3 concurrent client connections
     # (not max_connections, which is the upper limit rarely reached)
-    sockets_needed = 1 + 3
-    socket.consume_sockets(sockets_needed, "api")(config)
+    socket.consume_sockets(3, "api")(config)
+    socket.consume_sockets(1, "api", socket.SocketType.TCP_LISTEN)(config)
     return config
 
 

esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp

@@ -347,9 +347,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::encode_message_to_buffer(ProtoMessage &msg, uint8_t mess
 #endif
 
   // Calculate size
-  ProtoSize size_calc;
-  msg.calculate_size(size_calc);
-  uint32_t calculated_size = size_calc.get_size();
+  uint32_t calculated_size = msg.calculated_size();
 
   // Cache frame sizes to avoid repeated virtual calls
   const uint8_t header_padding = conn->helper_->frame_header_padding();
@@ -377,19 +375,14 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::encode_message_to_buffer(ProtoMessage &msg, uint8_t mess
     shared_buf.resize(current_size + footer_size + header_padding);
   }
 
-  // Encode directly into buffer
-  size_t size_before_encode = shared_buf.size();
-  msg.encode({&shared_buf});
+  // Pre-resize buffer to include payload, then encode through raw pointer
+  size_t write_start = shared_buf.size();
+  shared_buf.resize(write_start + calculated_size);
+  ProtoWriteBuffer buffer{&shared_buf, write_start};
+  msg.encode(buffer);
 
-  // Calculate actual encoded size (not including header that was already added)
-  size_t actual_payload_size = shared_buf.size() - size_before_encode;
-
-  // Return actual total size (header + actual payload + footer)
-  size_t actual_total_size = header_padding + actual_payload_size + footer_size;
-
-  // Verify that calculate_size() returned the correct value
-  assert(calculated_size == actual_payload_size);
-  return static_cast<uint16_t>(actual_total_size);
+  // Return total size (header + payload + footer)
+  return static_cast<uint16_t>(header_padding + calculated_size + footer_size);
 }
 
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
@@ -1353,9 +1346,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_water_heater_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConne
   resp.target_temperature_low = wh->get_target_temperature_low();
   resp.target_temperature_high = wh->get_target_temperature_high();
   resp.state = wh->get_state();
-  resp.key = wh->get_object_id_hash();
 
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, WaterHeaterStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(wh, resp, WaterHeaterStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_water_heater_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size) {
   auto *wh = static_cast<water_heater::WaterHeater *>(entity);
@@ -1534,6 +1526,12 @@ bool APIConnection::send_hello_response_(const HelloRequest &msg) {
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Hello from client: '%s' | %s | API Version %" PRIu16 ".%" PRIu16, this->helper_->get_client_name(),
            this->helper_->get_peername_to(peername), this->client_api_version_major_, this->client_api_version_minor_);
 
+  // TODO: Remove before 2026.8.0 (one version after get_object_id backward compat removal)
+  if (!this->client_supports_api_version(1, 14)) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "'%s' using outdated API %" PRIu16 ".%" PRIu16 ", update to 1.14+", this->helper_->get_client_name(),
+             this->client_api_version_major_, this->client_api_version_minor_);
+  }
+
   HelloResponse resp;
   resp.api_version_major = 1;
   resp.api_version_minor = 14;
@@ -1848,12 +1846,14 @@ bool APIConnection::try_to_clear_buffer(bool log_out_of_space) {
   return false;
 }
 bool APIConnection::send_message_impl(const ProtoMessage &msg, uint8_t message_type) {
-  ProtoSize size;
-  msg.calculate_size(size);
+  uint32_t payload_size = msg.calculated_size();
   std::vector<uint8_t> &shared_buf = this->parent_->get_shared_buffer_ref();
-  this->prepare_first_message_buffer(shared_buf, size.get_size());
-  msg.encode({&shared_buf});
-  return this->send_buffer({&shared_buf}, message_type);
+  this->prepare_first_message_buffer(shared_buf, payload_size);
+  size_t write_start = shared_buf.size();
+  shared_buf.resize(write_start + payload_size);
+  ProtoWriteBuffer buffer{&shared_buf, write_start};
+  msg.encode(buffer);
+  return this->send_buffer(ProtoWriteBuffer{&shared_buf}, message_type);
 }
 bool APIConnection::send_buffer(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, uint8_t message_type) {
   const bool is_log_message = (message_type == SubscribeLogsResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_noise.cpp

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ namespace esphome::api {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "api.noise";
 #ifdef USE_ESP8266
-static const char PROLOGUE_INIT[] PROGMEM = "NoiseAPIInit";
+static constexpr char PROLOGUE_INIT[] PROGMEM = "NoiseAPIInit";
 #else
 static const char *const PROLOGUE_INIT = "NoiseAPIInit";
 #endif

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.cpp

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ bool HelloRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value)
   }
   return true;
 }
-void HelloResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void HelloResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint32(1, this->api_version_major);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, this->api_version_minor);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->server_info);
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ void HelloResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_length(1, this->name.size());
 }
 #ifdef USE_AREAS
-void AreaInfo::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void AreaInfo::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint32(1, this->area_id);
   buffer.encode_string(2, this->name);
 }
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ void AreaInfo::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
-void DeviceInfo::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void DeviceInfo::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint32(1, this->device_id);
   buffer.encode_string(2, this->name);
   buffer.encode_uint32(3, this->area_id);
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ void DeviceInfo::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->area_id);
 }
 #endif
-void DeviceInfoResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void DeviceInfoResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(2, this->name);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->mac_address);
   buffer.encode_string(4, this->esphome_version);
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ void DeviceInfoResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
   }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_AREAS
-  buffer.encode_message(22, this->area);
+  buffer.encode_message(22, this->area, false);
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_ZWAVE_PROXY
   buffer.encode_uint32(23, this->zwave_proxy_feature_flags);
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ void DeviceInfoResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 #endif
 }
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
-void ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ void ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void BinarySensorStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BinarySensorStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->state);
   buffer.encode_bool(3, this->missing_state);
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ void BinarySensorStateResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_COVER
-void ListEntitiesCoverResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesCoverResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ void ListEntitiesCoverResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void CoverStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void CoverStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_float(3, this->position);
   buffer.encode_float(4, this->tilt);
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ bool CoverCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_FAN
-void ListEntitiesFanResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesFanResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ void ListEntitiesFanResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void FanStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void FanStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->state);
   buffer.encode_bool(3, this->oscillating);
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ bool FanCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_LIGHT
-void ListEntitiesLightResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesLightResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ void ListEntitiesLightResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(2, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void LightStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void LightStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->state);
   buffer.encode_float(3, this->brightness);
@@ -635,7 +635,7 @@ bool LightCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
-void ListEntitiesSensorResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesSensorResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ void ListEntitiesSensorResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void SensorStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void SensorStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_float(2, this->state);
   buffer.encode_bool(3, this->missing_state);
@@ -689,7 +689,7 @@ void SensorStateResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SWITCH
-void ListEntitiesSwitchResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesSwitchResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ void ListEntitiesSwitchResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void SwitchStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void SwitchStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->state);
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
@@ -760,7 +760,7 @@ bool SwitchCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
-void ListEntitiesTextSensorResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesTextSensorResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -788,7 +788,7 @@ void ListEntitiesTextSensorResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void TextSensorStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void TextSensorStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(2, this->state);
   buffer.encode_bool(3, this->missing_state);
@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@ bool SubscribeLogsRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) {
   }
   return true;
 }
-void SubscribeLogsResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void SubscribeLogsResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint32(1, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->level));
   buffer.encode_bytes(3, this->message_ptr_, this->message_len_);
 }
@@ -839,11 +839,11 @@ bool NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthD
   }
   return true;
 }
-void NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const { buffer.encode_bool(1, this->success); }
+void NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const { buffer.encode_bool(1, this->success); }
 void NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const { size.add_bool(1, this->success); }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_SERVICES
-void HomeassistantServiceMap::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void HomeassistantServiceMap::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(2, this->value);
 }
@@ -851,7 +851,7 @@ void HomeassistantServiceMap::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_length(1, this->key.size());
   size.add_length(1, this->value.size());
 }
-void HomeassistantActionRequest::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void HomeassistantActionRequest::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->service);
   for (auto &it : this->data) {
     buffer.encode_message(2, it);
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ bool HomeassistantActionResponse::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDe
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
-void SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->entity_id);
   buffer.encode_string(2, this->attribute);
   buffer.encode_bool(3, this->once);
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ bool GetTimeResponse::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
   return true;
 }
 #ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
-void ListEntitiesServicesArgument::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesServicesArgument::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->name);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->type));
 }
@@ -984,7 +984,7 @@ void ListEntitiesServicesArgument::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_length(1, this->name.size());
   size.add_uint32(1, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->type));
 }
-void ListEntitiesServicesResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesServicesResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->name);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   for (auto &it : this->args) {
@@ -1103,7 +1103,7 @@ void ExecuteServiceRequest::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
-void ExecuteServiceResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ExecuteServiceResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint32(1, this->call_id);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->success);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->error_message);
@@ -1121,7 +1121,7 @@ void ExecuteServiceResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_CAMERA
-void ListEntitiesCameraResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesCameraResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -1147,7 +1147,7 @@ void ListEntitiesCameraResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void CameraImageResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void CameraImageResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_bytes(2, this->data_ptr_, this->data_len_);
   buffer.encode_bool(3, this->done);
@@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@ bool CameraImageRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_CLIMATE
-void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -1276,7 +1276,7 @@ void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 #endif
   size.add_uint32(2, this->feature_flags);
 }
-void ClimateStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ClimateStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->mode));
   buffer.encode_float(3, this->current_temperature);
@@ -1407,7 +1407,7 @@ bool ClimateCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_WATER_HEATER
-void ListEntitiesWaterHeaterResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesWaterHeaterResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -1449,7 +1449,7 @@ void ListEntitiesWaterHeaterResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   }
   size.add_uint32(1, this->supported_features);
 }
-void WaterHeaterStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void WaterHeaterStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_float(2, this->current_temperature);
   buffer.encode_float(3, this->target_temperature);
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ bool WaterHeaterCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
-void ListEntitiesNumberResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesNumberResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ void ListEntitiesNumberResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void NumberStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void NumberStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_float(2, this->state);
   buffer.encode_bool(3, this->missing_state);
@@ -1596,7 +1596,7 @@ bool NumberCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
-void ListEntitiesSelectResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesSelectResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -1630,7 +1630,7 @@ void ListEntitiesSelectResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void SelectStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void SelectStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(2, this->state);
   buffer.encode_bool(3, this->missing_state);
@@ -1681,7 +1681,7 @@ bool SelectCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SIREN
-void ListEntitiesSirenResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesSirenResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -1719,7 +1719,7 @@ void ListEntitiesSirenResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void SirenStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void SirenStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->state);
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
@@ -1789,7 +1789,7 @@ bool SirenCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_LOCK
-void ListEntitiesLockResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesLockResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -1823,7 +1823,7 @@ void ListEntitiesLockResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void LockStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void LockStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->state));
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
@@ -1878,7 +1878,7 @@ bool LockCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_BUTTON
-void ListEntitiesButtonResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesButtonResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -1930,7 +1930,7 @@ bool ButtonCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_MEDIA_PLAYER
-void MediaPlayerSupportedFormat::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void MediaPlayerSupportedFormat::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->format);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, this->sample_rate);
   buffer.encode_uint32(3, this->num_channels);
@@ -1944,7 +1944,7 @@ void MediaPlayerSupportedFormat::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->purpose));
   size.add_uint32(1, this->sample_bytes);
 }
-void ListEntitiesMediaPlayerResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesMediaPlayerResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -1978,7 +1978,7 @@ void ListEntitiesMediaPlayerResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 #endif
   size.add_uint32(1, this->feature_flags);
 }
-void MediaPlayerStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void MediaPlayerStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->state));
   buffer.encode_float(3, this->volume);
@@ -2062,7 +2062,7 @@ bool SubscribeBluetoothLEAdvertisementsRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id,
   }
   return true;
 }
-void BluetoothLERawAdvertisement::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothLERawAdvertisement::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->address);
   buffer.encode_sint32(2, this->rssi);
   buffer.encode_uint32(3, this->address_type);
@@ -2074,7 +2074,7 @@ void BluetoothLERawAdvertisement::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->address_type);
   size.add_length(1, this->data_len);
 }
-void BluetoothLERawAdvertisementsResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothLERawAdvertisementsResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   for (uint16_t i = 0; i < this->advertisements_len; i++) {
     buffer.encode_message(1, this->advertisements[i]);
   }
@@ -2103,7 +2103,7 @@ bool BluetoothDeviceRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value)
   }
   return true;
 }
-void BluetoothDeviceConnectionResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothDeviceConnectionResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->address);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->connected);
   buffer.encode_uint32(3, this->mtu);
@@ -2125,7 +2125,7 @@ bool BluetoothGATTGetServicesRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarI
   }
   return true;
 }
-void BluetoothGATTDescriptor::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothGATTDescriptor::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   if (this->uuid[0] != 0 || this->uuid[1] != 0) {
     buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->uuid[0], true);
     buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->uuid[1], true);
@@ -2141,7 +2141,7 @@ void BluetoothGATTDescriptor::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->handle);
   size.add_uint32(1, this->short_uuid);
 }
-void BluetoothGATTCharacteristic::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothGATTCharacteristic::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   if (this->uuid[0] != 0 || this->uuid[1] != 0) {
     buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->uuid[0], true);
     buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->uuid[1], true);
@@ -2163,7 +2163,7 @@ void BluetoothGATTCharacteristic::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_repeated_message(1, this->descriptors);
   size.add_uint32(1, this->short_uuid);
 }
-void BluetoothGATTService::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothGATTService::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   if (this->uuid[0] != 0 || this->uuid[1] != 0) {
     buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->uuid[0], true);
     buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->uuid[1], true);
@@ -2183,7 +2183,7 @@ void BluetoothGATTService::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_repeated_message(1, this->characteristics);
   size.add_uint32(1, this->short_uuid);
 }
-void BluetoothGATTGetServicesResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothGATTGetServicesResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->address);
   for (auto &it : this->services) {
     buffer.encode_message(2, it);
@@ -2193,7 +2193,7 @@ void BluetoothGATTGetServicesResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint64(1, this->address);
   size.add_repeated_message(1, this->services);
 }
-void BluetoothGATTGetServicesDoneResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothGATTGetServicesDoneResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->address);
 }
 void BluetoothGATTGetServicesDoneResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const { size.add_uint64(1, this->address); }
@@ -2210,7 +2210,7 @@ bool BluetoothGATTReadRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt valu
   }
   return true;
 }
-void BluetoothGATTReadResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothGATTReadResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->address);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, this->handle);
   buffer.encode_bytes(3, this->data_ptr_, this->data_len_);
@@ -2302,7 +2302,7 @@ bool BluetoothGATTNotifyRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt va
   }
   return true;
 }
-void BluetoothGATTNotifyDataResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothGATTNotifyDataResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->address);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, this->handle);
   buffer.encode_bytes(3, this->data_ptr_, this->data_len_);
@@ -2312,7 +2312,7 @@ void BluetoothGATTNotifyDataResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->handle);
   size.add_length(1, this->data_len_);
 }
-void BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint32(1, this->free);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, this->limit);
   for (const auto &it : this->allocated) {
@@ -2330,7 +2330,7 @@ void BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
     }
   }
 }
-void BluetoothGATTErrorResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothGATTErrorResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->address);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, this->handle);
   buffer.encode_int32(3, this->error);
@@ -2340,7 +2340,7 @@ void BluetoothGATTErrorResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->handle);
   size.add_int32(1, this->error);
 }
-void BluetoothGATTWriteResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothGATTWriteResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->address);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, this->handle);
 }
@@ -2348,7 +2348,7 @@ void BluetoothGATTWriteResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint64(1, this->address);
   size.add_uint32(1, this->handle);
 }
-void BluetoothGATTNotifyResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothGATTNotifyResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->address);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, this->handle);
 }
@@ -2356,7 +2356,7 @@ void BluetoothGATTNotifyResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint64(1, this->address);
   size.add_uint32(1, this->handle);
 }
-void BluetoothDevicePairingResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothDevicePairingResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->address);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->paired);
   buffer.encode_int32(3, this->error);
@@ -2366,7 +2366,7 @@ void BluetoothDevicePairingResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_bool(1, this->paired);
   size.add_int32(1, this->error);
 }
-void BluetoothDeviceUnpairingResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothDeviceUnpairingResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->address);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->success);
   buffer.encode_int32(3, this->error);
@@ -2376,7 +2376,7 @@ void BluetoothDeviceUnpairingResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_bool(1, this->success);
   size.add_int32(1, this->error);
 }
-void BluetoothDeviceClearCacheResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothDeviceClearCacheResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint64(1, this->address);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->success);
   buffer.encode_int32(3, this->error);
@@ -2386,7 +2386,7 @@ void BluetoothDeviceClearCacheResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_bool(1, this->success);
   size.add_int32(1, this->error);
 }
-void BluetoothScannerStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void BluetoothScannerStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint32(1, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->state));
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->mode));
   buffer.encode_uint32(3, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->configured_mode));
@@ -2421,7 +2421,7 @@ bool SubscribeVoiceAssistantRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarIn
   }
   return true;
 }
-void VoiceAssistantAudioSettings::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void VoiceAssistantAudioSettings::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint32(1, this->noise_suppression_level);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, this->auto_gain);
   buffer.encode_float(3, this->volume_multiplier);
@@ -2431,11 +2431,11 @@ void VoiceAssistantAudioSettings::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->auto_gain);
   size.add_float(1, this->volume_multiplier);
 }
-void VoiceAssistantRequest::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void VoiceAssistantRequest::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_bool(1, this->start);
   buffer.encode_string(2, this->conversation_id);
   buffer.encode_uint32(3, this->flags);
-  buffer.encode_message(4, this->audio_settings);
+  buffer.encode_message(4, this->audio_settings, false);
   buffer.encode_string(5, this->wake_word_phrase);
 }
 void VoiceAssistantRequest::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
@@ -2516,7 +2516,7 @@ bool VoiceAssistantAudio::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited
   }
   return true;
 }
-void VoiceAssistantAudio::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void VoiceAssistantAudio::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_bytes(1, this->data, this->data_len);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->end);
 }
@@ -2587,9 +2587,9 @@ bool VoiceAssistantAnnounceRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLength
   }
   return true;
 }
-void VoiceAssistantAnnounceFinished::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const { buffer.encode_bool(1, this->success); }
+void VoiceAssistantAnnounceFinished::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const { buffer.encode_bool(1, this->success); }
 void VoiceAssistantAnnounceFinished::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const { size.add_bool(1, this->success); }
-void VoiceAssistantWakeWord::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void VoiceAssistantWakeWord::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->id);
   buffer.encode_string(2, this->wake_word);
   for (auto &it : this->trained_languages) {
@@ -2656,7 +2656,7 @@ bool VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoL
   }
   return true;
 }
-void VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   for (auto &it : this->available_wake_words) {
     buffer.encode_message(1, it);
   }
@@ -2686,7 +2686,7 @@ bool VoiceAssistantSetConfiguration::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengt
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_ALARM_CONTROL_PANEL
-void ListEntitiesAlarmControlPanelResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesAlarmControlPanelResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -2718,7 +2718,7 @@ void ListEntitiesAlarmControlPanelResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) cons
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void AlarmControlPanelStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void AlarmControlPanelStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_uint32(2, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->state));
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
@@ -2770,7 +2770,7 @@ bool AlarmControlPanelCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_TEXT
-void ListEntitiesTextResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesTextResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -2804,7 +2804,7 @@ void ListEntitiesTextResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void TextStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void TextStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(2, this->state);
   buffer.encode_bool(3, this->missing_state);
@@ -2855,7 +2855,7 @@ bool TextCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_DATETIME_DATE
-void ListEntitiesDateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesDateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -2881,7 +2881,7 @@ void ListEntitiesDateResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void DateStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void DateStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->missing_state);
   buffer.encode_uint32(3, this->year);
@@ -2934,7 +2934,7 @@ bool DateCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_DATETIME_TIME
-void ListEntitiesTimeResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesTimeResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -2960,7 +2960,7 @@ void ListEntitiesTimeResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void TimeStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void TimeStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->missing_state);
   buffer.encode_uint32(3, this->hour);
@@ -3013,7 +3013,7 @@ bool TimeCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_EVENT
-void ListEntitiesEventResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesEventResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -3049,7 +3049,7 @@ void ListEntitiesEventResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void EventResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void EventResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(2, this->event_type);
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
@@ -3065,7 +3065,7 @@ void EventResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_VALVE
-void ListEntitiesValveResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesValveResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -3099,7 +3099,7 @@ void ListEntitiesValveResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void ValveStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ValveStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_float(2, this->position);
   buffer.encode_uint32(3, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->current_operation));
@@ -3148,7 +3148,7 @@ bool ValveCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_DATETIME_DATETIME
-void ListEntitiesDateTimeResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesDateTimeResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -3174,7 +3174,7 @@ void ListEntitiesDateTimeResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void DateTimeStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void DateTimeStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->missing_state);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(3, this->epoch_seconds);
@@ -3217,7 +3217,7 @@ bool DateTimeCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_UPDATE
-void ListEntitiesUpdateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesUpdateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -3245,7 +3245,7 @@ void ListEntitiesUpdateResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif
 }
-void UpdateStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void UpdateStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);
   buffer.encode_bool(2, this->missing_state);
   buffer.encode_bool(3, this->in_progress);
@@ -3314,7 +3314,7 @@ bool ZWaveProxyFrame::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited valu
   }
   return true;
 }
-void ZWaveProxyFrame::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const { buffer.encode_bytes(1, this->data, this->data_len); }
+void ZWaveProxyFrame::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const { buffer.encode_bytes(1, this->data, this->data_len); }
 void ZWaveProxyFrame::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const { size.add_length(1, this->data_len); }
 bool ZWaveProxyRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) {
   switch (field_id) {
@@ -3338,7 +3338,7 @@ bool ZWaveProxyRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited va
   }
   return true;
 }
-void ZWaveProxyRequest::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ZWaveProxyRequest::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_uint32(1, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->type));
   buffer.encode_bytes(2, this->data, this->data_len);
 }
@@ -3348,7 +3348,7 @@ void ZWaveProxyRequest::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_INFRARED
-void ListEntitiesInfraredResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void ListEntitiesInfraredResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(1, this->object_id);
   buffer.encode_fixed32(2, this->key);
   buffer.encode_string(3, this->name);
@@ -3419,7 +3419,7 @@ bool InfraredRFTransmitRawTimingsRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto3
   }
   return true;
 }
-void InfraredRFReceiveEvent::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
+void InfraredRFReceiveEvent::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   buffer.encode_uint32(1, this->device_id);
 #endif

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.h

@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ class HelloResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint32_t api_version_minor{0};
   StringRef server_info{};
   StringRef name{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ class AreaInfo final : public ProtoMessage {
  public:
   uint32_t area_id{0};
   StringRef name{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ class DeviceInfo final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint32_t device_id{0};
   StringRef name{};
   uint32_t area_id{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ class DeviceInfoResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 #ifdef USE_ZWAVE_PROXY
   uint32_t zwave_home_id{0};
 #endif
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ class ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
   StringRef device_class{};
   bool is_status_binary_sensor{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ class BinarySensorStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
   bool state{false};
   bool missing_state{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ class ListEntitiesCoverResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   bool supports_tilt{false};
   StringRef device_class{};
   bool supports_stop{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ class CoverStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   float position{0.0f};
   float tilt{0.0f};
   enums::CoverOperation current_operation{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ class ListEntitiesFanResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   bool supports_direction{false};
   int32_t supported_speed_count{0};
   const std::vector<const char *> *supported_preset_modes{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -677,7 +677,7 @@ class FanStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   enums::FanDirection direction{};
   int32_t speed_level{0};
   StringRef preset_mode{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ class ListEntitiesLightResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   float min_mireds{0.0f};
   float max_mireds{0.0f};
   const FixedVector<const char *> *effects{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -751,7 +751,7 @@ class LightStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   float cold_white{0.0f};
   float warm_white{0.0f};
   StringRef effect{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -815,7 +815,7 @@ class ListEntitiesSensorResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   bool force_update{false};
   StringRef device_class{};
   enums::SensorStateClass state_class{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -832,7 +832,7 @@ class SensorStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
   float state{0.0f};
   bool missing_state{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -851,7 +851,7 @@ class ListEntitiesSwitchResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
   bool assumed_state{false};
   StringRef device_class{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ class SwitchStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "switch_state_response"; }
 #endif
   bool state{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -901,7 +901,7 @@ class ListEntitiesTextSensorResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_text_sensor_response"; }
 #endif
   StringRef device_class{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -918,7 +918,7 @@ class TextSensorStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
   StringRef state{};
   bool missing_state{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -957,7 +957,7 @@ class SubscribeLogsResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
     this->message_ptr_ = data;
     this->message_len_ = len;
   }
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -990,7 +990,7 @@ class NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "noise_encryption_set_key_response"; }
 #endif
   bool success{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1004,7 +1004,7 @@ class HomeassistantServiceMap final : public ProtoMessage {
  public:
   StringRef key{};
   StringRef value{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1033,7 +1033,7 @@ class HomeassistantActionRequest final : public ProtoMessage {
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
   StringRef response_template{};
 #endif
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1077,7 +1077,7 @@ class SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   StringRef entity_id{};
   StringRef attribute{};
   bool once{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1138,7 +1138,7 @@ class ListEntitiesServicesArgument final : public ProtoMessage {
  public:
   StringRef name{};
   enums::ServiceArgType type{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@ class ListEntitiesServicesResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint32_t key{0};
   FixedVector<ListEntitiesServicesArgument> args{};
   enums::SupportsResponseType supports_response{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1227,7 +1227,7 @@ class ExecuteServiceResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   const uint8_t *response_data{nullptr};
   uint16_t response_data_len{0};
 #endif
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1244,7 +1244,7 @@ class ListEntitiesCameraResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_camera_response"; }
 #endif
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1266,7 +1266,7 @@ class CameraImageResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
     this->data_len_ = len;
   }
   bool done{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1317,7 +1317,7 @@ class ListEntitiesClimateResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   float visual_min_humidity{0.0f};
   float visual_max_humidity{0.0f};
   uint32_t feature_flags{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1345,7 +1345,7 @@ class ClimateStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   StringRef custom_preset{};
   float current_humidity{0.0f};
   float target_humidity{0.0f};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1403,7 +1403,7 @@ class ListEntitiesWaterHeaterResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   float target_temperature_step{0.0f};
   const water_heater::WaterHeaterModeMask *supported_modes{};
   uint32_t supported_features{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1424,7 +1424,7 @@ class WaterHeaterStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   uint32_t state{0};
   float target_temperature_low{0.0f};
   float target_temperature_high{0.0f};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1468,7 +1468,7 @@ class ListEntitiesNumberResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   StringRef unit_of_measurement{};
   enums::NumberMode mode{};
   StringRef device_class{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1485,7 +1485,7 @@ class NumberStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
   float state{0.0f};
   bool missing_state{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1519,7 +1519,7 @@ class ListEntitiesSelectResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_select_response"; }
 #endif
   const FixedVector<const char *> *options{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1536,7 +1536,7 @@ class SelectStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
   StringRef state{};
   bool missing_state{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1573,7 +1573,7 @@ class ListEntitiesSirenResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   const FixedVector<const char *> *tones{};
   bool supports_duration{false};
   bool supports_volume{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1589,7 +1589,7 @@ class SirenStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "siren_state_response"; }
 #endif
   bool state{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1634,7 +1634,7 @@ class ListEntitiesLockResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   bool supports_open{false};
   bool requires_code{false};
   StringRef code_format{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1650,7 +1650,7 @@ class LockStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "lock_state_response"; }
 #endif
   enums::LockState state{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1687,7 +1687,7 @@ class ListEntitiesButtonResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_button_response"; }
 #endif
   StringRef device_class{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1719,7 +1719,7 @@ class MediaPlayerSupportedFormat final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint32_t num_channels{0};
   enums::MediaPlayerFormatPurpose purpose{};
   uint32_t sample_bytes{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1737,7 +1737,7 @@ class ListEntitiesMediaPlayerResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   bool supports_pause{false};
   std::vector<MediaPlayerSupportedFormat> supported_formats{};
   uint32_t feature_flags{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1755,7 +1755,7 @@ class MediaPlayerStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   enums::MediaPlayerState state{};
   float volume{0.0f};
   bool muted{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1811,7 +1811,7 @@ class BluetoothLERawAdvertisement final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint32_t address_type{0};
   uint8_t data[62]{};
   uint8_t data_len{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1828,7 +1828,7 @@ class BluetoothLERawAdvertisementsResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 #endif
   std::array<BluetoothLERawAdvertisement, BLUETOOTH_PROXY_ADVERTISEMENT_BATCH_SIZE> advertisements{};
   uint16_t advertisements_len{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1865,7 +1865,7 @@ class BluetoothDeviceConnectionResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   bool connected{false};
   uint32_t mtu{0};
   int32_t error{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1893,7 +1893,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTDescriptor final : public ProtoMessage {
   std::array<uint64_t, 2> uuid{};
   uint32_t handle{0};
   uint32_t short_uuid{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1908,7 +1908,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTCharacteristic final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint32_t properties{0};
   FixedVector<BluetoothGATTDescriptor> descriptors{};
   uint32_t short_uuid{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1922,7 +1922,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTService final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint32_t handle{0};
   FixedVector<BluetoothGATTCharacteristic> characteristics{};
   uint32_t short_uuid{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1939,7 +1939,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTGetServicesResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 #endif
   uint64_t address{0};
   std::vector<BluetoothGATTService> services{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1955,7 +1955,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTGetServicesDoneResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "bluetooth_gatt_get_services_done_response"; }
 #endif
   uint64_t address{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -1994,7 +1994,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTReadResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
     this->data_ptr_ = data;
     this->data_len_ = len;
   }
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2089,7 +2089,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTNotifyDataResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
     this->data_ptr_ = data;
     this->data_len_ = len;
   }
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2107,7 +2107,7 @@ class BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint32_t free{0};
   uint32_t limit{0};
   std::array<uint64_t, BLUETOOTH_PROXY_MAX_CONNECTIONS> allocated{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2125,7 +2125,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTErrorResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint64_t address{0};
   uint32_t handle{0};
   int32_t error{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2142,7 +2142,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTWriteResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 #endif
   uint64_t address{0};
   uint32_t handle{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2159,7 +2159,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTNotifyResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 #endif
   uint64_t address{0};
   uint32_t handle{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2177,7 +2177,7 @@ class BluetoothDevicePairingResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint64_t address{0};
   bool paired{false};
   int32_t error{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2195,7 +2195,7 @@ class BluetoothDeviceUnpairingResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint64_t address{0};
   bool success{false};
   int32_t error{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2213,7 +2213,7 @@ class BluetoothDeviceClearCacheResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint64_t address{0};
   bool success{false};
   int32_t error{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2231,7 +2231,7 @@ class BluetoothScannerStateResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   enums::BluetoothScannerState state{};
   enums::BluetoothScannerMode mode{};
   enums::BluetoothScannerMode configured_mode{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2277,7 +2277,7 @@ class VoiceAssistantAudioSettings final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint32_t noise_suppression_level{0};
   uint32_t auto_gain{0};
   float volume_multiplier{0.0f};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2297,7 +2297,7 @@ class VoiceAssistantRequest final : public ProtoMessage {
   uint32_t flags{0};
   VoiceAssistantAudioSettings audio_settings{};
   StringRef wake_word_phrase{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2359,7 +2359,7 @@ class VoiceAssistantAudio final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
   const uint8_t *data{nullptr};
   uint16_t data_len{0};
   bool end{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2417,7 +2417,7 @@ class VoiceAssistantAnnounceFinished final : public ProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "voice_assistant_announce_finished"; }
 #endif
   bool success{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2430,7 +2430,7 @@ class VoiceAssistantWakeWord final : public ProtoMessage {
   StringRef id{};
   StringRef wake_word{};
   std::vector<std::string> trained_languages{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2480,7 +2480,7 @@ class VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
   std::vector<VoiceAssistantWakeWord> available_wake_words{};
   const std::vector<std::string> *active_wake_words{};
   uint32_t max_active_wake_words{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2515,7 +2515,7 @@ class ListEntitiesAlarmControlPanelResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMess
   uint32_t supported_features{0};
   bool requires_code{false};
   bool requires_code_to_arm{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2531,7 +2531,7 @@ class AlarmControlPanelStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "alarm_control_panel_state_response"; }
 #endif
   enums::AlarmControlPanelState state{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2570,7 +2570,7 @@ class ListEntitiesTextResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   uint32_t max_length{0};
   StringRef pattern{};
   enums::TextMode mode{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2587,7 +2587,7 @@ class TextStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
   StringRef state{};
   bool missing_state{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2621,7 +2621,7 @@ class ListEntitiesDateResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_date_response"; }
 #endif
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2640,7 +2640,7 @@ class DateStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   uint32_t year{0};
   uint32_t month{0};
   uint32_t day{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2675,7 +2675,7 @@ class ListEntitiesTimeResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_time_response"; }
 #endif
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2694,7 +2694,7 @@ class TimeStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   uint32_t hour{0};
   uint32_t minute{0};
   uint32_t second{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2731,7 +2731,7 @@ class ListEntitiesEventResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
   StringRef device_class{};
   const FixedVector<const char *> *event_types{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2747,7 +2747,7 @@ class EventResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "event_response"; }
 #endif
   StringRef event_type{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2768,7 +2768,7 @@ class ListEntitiesValveResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   bool assumed_state{false};
   bool supports_position{false};
   bool supports_stop{false};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2785,7 +2785,7 @@ class ValveStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
   float position{0.0f};
   enums::ValveOperation current_operation{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2820,7 +2820,7 @@ class ListEntitiesDateTimeResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_date_time_response"; }
 #endif
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2837,7 +2837,7 @@ class DateTimeStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
   bool missing_state{false};
   uint32_t epoch_seconds{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2871,7 +2871,7 @@ class ListEntitiesUpdateResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_update_response"; }
 #endif
   StringRef device_class{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2895,7 +2895,7 @@ class UpdateStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
   StringRef title{};
   StringRef release_summary{};
   StringRef release_url{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2930,7 +2930,7 @@ class ZWaveProxyFrame final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
 #endif
   const uint8_t *data{nullptr};
   uint16_t data_len{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2949,7 +2949,7 @@ class ZWaveProxyRequest final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
   enums::ZWaveProxyRequestType type{};
   const uint8_t *data{nullptr};
   uint16_t data_len{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -2969,7 +2969,7 @@ class ListEntitiesInfraredResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_infrared_response"; }
 #endif
   uint32_t capabilities{0};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
@@ -3016,7 +3016,7 @@ class InfraredRFReceiveEvent final : public ProtoMessage {
 #endif
   uint32_t key{0};
   const std::vector<int32_t> *timings{};
-  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;

esphome/components/api/api_server.cpp

@@ -30,6 +30,12 @@ APIServer *global_api_server = nullptr;  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-c
 
 APIServer::APIServer() { global_api_server = this; }
 
+void APIServer::socket_failed_(const LogString *msg) {
+  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Socket %s: errno %d", LOG_STR_ARG(msg), errno);
+  this->destroy_socket_();
+  this->mark_failed();
+}
+
 void APIServer::setup() {
   ControllerRegistry::register_controller(this);
 
@@ -48,22 +54,20 @@ void APIServer::setup() {
 #endif
 #endif
 
-  this->socket_ = socket::socket_ip_loop_monitored(SOCK_STREAM, 0);  // monitored for incoming connections
+  this->socket_ = socket::socket_ip_loop_monitored(SOCK_STREAM, 0).release();  // monitored for incoming connections
   if (this->socket_ == nullptr) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Could not create socket");
-    this->mark_failed();
+    this->socket_failed_(LOG_STR("creation"));
     return;
   }
   int enable = 1;
   int err = this->socket_->setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &enable, sizeof(int));
   if (err != 0) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Socket unable to set reuseaddr: errno %d", err);
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Socket reuseaddr: errno %d", errno);
     // we can still continue
   }
   err = this->socket_->setblocking(false);
   if (err != 0) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Socket unable to set nonblocking mode: errno %d", err);
-    this->mark_failed();
+    this->socket_failed_(LOG_STR("nonblocking"));
     return;
   }
 
@@ -71,22 +75,19 @@ void APIServer::setup() {
 
   socklen_t sl = socket::set_sockaddr_any((struct sockaddr *) &server, sizeof(server), this->port_);
   if (sl == 0) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Socket unable to set sockaddr: errno %d", errno);
-    this->mark_failed();
+    this->socket_failed_(LOG_STR("set sockaddr"));
     return;
   }
 
   err = this->socket_->bind((struct sockaddr *) &server, sl);
   if (err != 0) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Socket unable to bind: errno %d", errno);
-    this->mark_failed();
+    this->socket_failed_(LOG_STR("bind"));
     return;
   }
 
   err = this->socket_->listen(this->listen_backlog_);
   if (err != 0) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Socket unable to listen: errno %d", errno);
-    this->mark_failed();
+    this->socket_failed_(LOG_STR("listen"));
     return;
   }
 
@@ -622,10 +623,7 @@ void APIServer::on_shutdown() {
   this->shutting_down_ = true;
 
   // Close the listening socket to prevent new connections
-  if (this->socket_) {
-    this->socket_->close();
-    this->socket_ = nullptr;
-  }
+  this->destroy_socket_();
 
   // Change batch delay to 5ms for quick flushing during shutdown
   this->batch_delay_ = 5;

esphome/components/api/api_server.h

@@ -249,8 +249,15 @@ class APIServer : public Component,
   void add_state_subscription_(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
                                std::function<void(const std::string &)> f, bool once);
 #endif  // USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
+  // No explicit close() needed — listen sockets have no active connections on
+  // failure/shutdown. Destructor handles fd cleanup (close or abort per platform).
+  inline void destroy_socket_() {
+    delete this->socket_;
+    this->socket_ = nullptr;
+  }
+  void socket_failed_(const LogString *msg);
   // Pointers and pointer-like types first (4 bytes each)
-  std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket_ = nullptr;
+  socket::Socket *socket_{nullptr};
 #ifdef USE_API_CLIENT_CONNECTED_TRIGGER
   Trigger<std::string, std::string> client_connected_trigger_;
 #endif

esphome/components/api/homeassistant_service.h

@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ template<typename... X> class TemplatableStringValue : public TemplatableValue<s
   static std::string value_to_string(const char *val) { return std::string(val); }  // For lambdas returning .c_str()
   static std::string value_to_string(const std::string &val) { return val; }
   static std::string value_to_string(std::string &&val) { return std::move(val); }
+  static std::string value_to_string(const StringRef &val) { return val.str(); }
+  static std::string value_to_string(StringRef &&val) { return val.str(); }
 
  public:
   TemplatableStringValue() : TemplatableValue<std::string, X...>() {}

esphome/components/api/proto.cpp

@@ -70,6 +70,21 @@ uint32_t ProtoDecodableMessage::count_repeated_field(const uint8_t *buffer, size
   return count;
 }
 
+#ifdef ESPHOME_DEBUG_API
+void ProtoWriteBuffer::debug_check_bounds_(size_t bytes, const char *caller) {
+  if (this->pos_ + bytes > this->buffer_->data() + this->buffer_->size()) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "ProtoWriteBuffer bounds check failed in %s: bytes=%zu offset=%td buf_size=%zu", caller, bytes,
+             this->pos_ - this->buffer_->data(), this->buffer_->size());
+    abort();
+  }
+}
+void ProtoWriteBuffer::debug_check_encode_size_(uint32_t field_id, uint32_t expected, ptrdiff_t actual) {
+  ESP_LOGE(TAG, "encode_message: size mismatch for field %" PRIu32 ": calculated=%" PRIu32 " actual=%td", field_id,
+           expected, actual);
+  abort();
+}
+#endif
+
 void ProtoDecodableMessage::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {
   const uint8_t *ptr = buffer;
   const uint8_t *end = buffer + length;

esphome/components/api/proto.h

@@ -217,21 +217,26 @@ class Proto32Bit {
 
 class ProtoWriteBuffer {
  public:
-  ProtoWriteBuffer(std::vector<uint8_t> *buffer) : buffer_(buffer) {}
-  void write(uint8_t value) { this->buffer_->push_back(value); }
+  ProtoWriteBuffer(std::vector<uint8_t> *buffer) : buffer_(buffer), pos_(buffer->data() + buffer->size()) {}
+  ProtoWriteBuffer(std::vector<uint8_t> *buffer, size_t write_pos)
+      : buffer_(buffer), pos_(buffer->data() + write_pos) {}
   void encode_varint_raw(uint32_t value) {
     while (value > 0x7F) {
-      this->buffer_->push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(value | 0x80));
+      this->debug_check_bounds_(1);
+      *this->pos_++ = static_cast<uint8_t>(value | 0x80);
       value >>= 7;
     }
-    this->buffer_->push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(value));
+    this->debug_check_bounds_(1);
+    *this->pos_++ = static_cast<uint8_t>(value);
   }
   void encode_varint_raw_64(uint64_t value) {
     while (value > 0x7F) {
-      this->buffer_->push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(value | 0x80));
+      this->debug_check_bounds_(1);
+      *this->pos_++ = static_cast<uint8_t>(value | 0x80);
       value >>= 7;
     }
-    this->buffer_->push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(value));
+    this->debug_check_bounds_(1);
+    *this->pos_++ = static_cast<uint8_t>(value);
   }
   /**
    * Encode a field key (tag/wire type combination).
@@ -245,23 +250,18 @@ class ProtoWriteBuffer {
    *
    * Following https://protobuf.dev/programming-guides/encoding/#structure
    */
-  void encode_field_raw(uint32_t field_id, uint32_t type) {
-    uint32_t val = (field_id << 3) | (type & WIRE_TYPE_MASK);
-    this->encode_varint_raw(val);
-  }
+  void encode_field_raw(uint32_t field_id, uint32_t type) { this->encode_varint_raw((field_id << 3) | type); }
   void encode_string(uint32_t field_id, const char *string, size_t len, bool force = false) {
     if (len == 0 && !force)
       return;
 
     this->encode_field_raw(field_id, 2);  // type 2: Length-delimited string
     this->encode_varint_raw(len);
-
-    // Using resize + memcpy instead of insert provides significant performance improvement:
-    // ~10-11x faster for 16-32 byte strings, ~3x faster for 64-byte strings
-    // as it avoids iterator checks and potential element moves that insert performs
-    size_t old_size = this->buffer_->size();
-    this->buffer_->resize(old_size + len);
-    std::memcpy(this->buffer_->data() + old_size, string, len);
+    // Direct memcpy into pre-sized buffer — avoids push_back() per-byte capacity checks
+    // and vector::insert() iterator overhead. ~10-11x faster for 16-32 byte strings.
+    this->debug_check_bounds_(len);
+    std::memcpy(this->pos_, string, len);
+    this->pos_ += len;
   }
   void encode_string(uint32_t field_id, const std::string &value, bool force = false) {
     this->encode_string(field_id, value.data(), value.size(), force);
@@ -288,17 +288,26 @@ class ProtoWriteBuffer {
     if (!value && !force)
       return;
     this->encode_field_raw(field_id, 0);  // type 0: Varint - bool
-    this->buffer_->push_back(value ? 0x01 : 0x00);
+    this->debug_check_bounds_(1);
+    *this->pos_++ = value ? 0x01 : 0x00;
   }
-  void encode_fixed32(uint32_t field_id, uint32_t value, bool force = false) {
+  // noinline: 51 call sites; inlining causes net code growth vs a single out-of-line copy
+  __attribute__((noinline)) void encode_fixed32(uint32_t field_id, uint32_t value, bool force = false) {
     if (value == 0 && !force)
       return;
 
     this->encode_field_raw(field_id, 5);  // type 5: 32-bit fixed32
-    this->write((value >> 0) & 0xFF);
-    this->write((value >> 8) & 0xFF);
-    this->write((value >> 16) & 0xFF);
-    this->write((value >> 24) & 0xFF);
+    this->debug_check_bounds_(4);
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+    // Protobuf fixed32 is little-endian, so direct copy works
+    std::memcpy(this->pos_, &value, 4);
+    this->pos_ += 4;
+#else
+    *this->pos_++ = (value >> 0) & 0xFF;
+    *this->pos_++ = (value >> 8) & 0xFF;
+    *this->pos_++ = (value >> 16) & 0xFF;
+    *this->pos_++ = (value >> 24) & 0xFF;
+#endif
   }
   // NOTE: Wire type 1 (64-bit fixed: double, fixed64, sfixed64) is intentionally
   // not supported to reduce overhead on embedded systems. All ESPHome devices are
@@ -334,11 +343,20 @@ class ProtoWriteBuffer {
   }
   /// Encode a packed repeated sint32 field (zero-copy from vector)
   void encode_packed_sint32(uint32_t field_id, const std::vector<int32_t> &values);
-  void encode_message(uint32_t field_id, const ProtoMessage &value);
+  /// Encode a nested message field (force=true for repeated, false for singular)
+  void encode_message(uint32_t field_id, const ProtoMessage &value, bool force = true);
   std::vector<uint8_t> *get_buffer() const { return buffer_; }
 
  protected:
+#ifdef ESPHOME_DEBUG_API
+  void debug_check_bounds_(size_t bytes, const char *caller = __builtin_FUNCTION());
+  void debug_check_encode_size_(uint32_t field_id, uint32_t expected, ptrdiff_t actual);
+#else
+  void debug_check_bounds_([[maybe_unused]] size_t bytes) {}
+#endif
+
   std::vector<uint8_t> *buffer_;
+  uint8_t *pos_;
 };
 
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@@ -416,9 +434,11 @@ class ProtoMessage {
  public:
   virtual ~ProtoMessage() = default;
   // Default implementation for messages with no fields
-  virtual void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {}
+  virtual void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer &buffer) const {}
   // Default implementation for messages with no fields
   virtual void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {}
+  // Convenience: calculate and return size directly (defined after ProtoSize)
+  uint32_t calculated_size() const;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   virtual const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const = 0;
   virtual const char *message_name() const { return "unknown"; }
@@ -877,6 +897,14 @@ class ProtoSize {
   }
 };
 
+// Implementation of methods that depend on ProtoSize being fully defined
+
+inline uint32_t ProtoMessage::calculated_size() const {
+  ProtoSize size;
+  this->calculate_size(size);
+  return size.get_size();
+}
+
 // Implementation of encode_packed_sint32 - must be after ProtoSize is defined
 inline void ProtoWriteBuffer::encode_packed_sint32(uint32_t field_id, const std::vector<int32_t> &values) {
   if (values.empty())
@@ -897,30 +925,30 @@ inline void ProtoWriteBuffer::encode_packed_sint32(uint32_t field_id, const std:
 }
 
 // Implementation of encode_message - must be after ProtoMessage is defined
-inline void ProtoWriteBuffer::encode_message(uint32_t field_id, const ProtoMessage &value) {
-  this->encode_field_raw(field_id, 2);  // type 2: Length-delimited message
-
+inline void ProtoWriteBuffer::encode_message(uint32_t field_id, const ProtoMessage &value, bool force) {
   // Calculate the message size first
   ProtoSize msg_size;
   value.calculate_size(msg_size);
   uint32_t msg_length_bytes = msg_size.get_size();
 
-  // Calculate how many bytes the length varint needs
-  uint32_t varint_length_bytes = ProtoSize::varint(msg_length_bytes);
+  // Skip empty singular messages (matches add_message_field which skips when nested_size == 0)
+  // Repeated messages (force=true) are always encoded since an empty item is meaningful
+  if (msg_length_bytes == 0 && !force)
+    return;
 
-  // Reserve exact space for the length varint
-  size_t begin = this->buffer_->size();
-  this->buffer_->resize(this->buffer_->size() + varint_length_bytes);
+  this->encode_field_raw(field_id, 2);  // type 2: Length-delimited message
 
-  // Write the length varint directly
-  encode_varint_to_buffer(msg_length_bytes, this->buffer_->data() + begin);
-
-  // Now encode the message content - it will append to the buffer
-  value.encode(*this);
+  // Write the length varint directly through pos_
+  this->encode_varint_raw(msg_length_bytes);
 
+  // Encode nested message - pos_ advances directly through the reference
 #ifdef ESPHOME_DEBUG_API
-  // Verify that the encoded size matches what we calculated
-  assert(this->buffer_->size() == begin + varint_length_bytes + msg_length_bytes);
+  uint8_t *start = this->pos_;
+  value.encode(*this);
+  if (static_cast<uint32_t>(this->pos_ - start) != msg_length_bytes)
+    this->debug_check_encode_size_(field_id, msg_length_bytes, this->pos_ - start);
+#else
+  value.encode(*this);
 #endif
 }
 

esphome/components/as3935/as3935.cpp

@@ -307,9 +307,9 @@ void AS3935Component::tune_antenna() {
   uint8_t tune_val = this->read_capacitance();
   ESP_LOGI(TAG,
            "Starting antenna tuning\n"
-           "Division Ratio is set to: %d\n"
-           "Internal Capacitor is set to: %d\n"
-           "Displaying oscillator on INT pin. Measure its frequency - multiply value by Division Ratio",
+           "  Division Ratio is set to: %d\n"
+           "  Internal Capacitor is set to: %d\n"
+           "  Displaying oscillator on INT pin. Measure its frequency - multiply value by Division Ratio",
            div_ratio, tune_val);
   this->display_oscillator(true, ANTFREQ);
 }

esphome/components/at581x/at581x.cpp

@@ -77,14 +77,14 @@ void AT581XComponent::dump_config() { LOG_I2C_DEVICE(this); }
 bool AT581XComponent::i2c_write_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                 "Writing new config for AT581X\n"
-                "Frequency: %dMHz\n"
-                "Sensing distance: %d\n"
-                "Power: %dµA\n"
-                "Gain: %d\n"
-                "Trigger base time: %dms\n"
-                "Trigger keep time: %dms\n"
-                "Protect time: %dms\n"
-                "Self check time: %dms",
+                "  Frequency: %dMHz\n"
+                "  Sensing distance: %d\n"
+                "  Power: %dµA\n"
+                "  Gain: %d\n"
+                "  Trigger base time: %dms\n"
+                "  Trigger keep time: %dms\n"
+                "  Protect time: %dms\n"
+                "  Self check time: %dms",
                 this->freq_, this->delta_, this->power_, this->gain_, this->trigger_base_time_ms_,
                 this->trigger_keep_time_ms_, this->protect_time_ms_, this->self_check_time_ms_);
 

esphome/components/binary_sensor/__init__.py

@@ -562,6 +562,7 @@ async def setup_binary_sensor_core_(var, config):
     if inverted := config.get(CONF_INVERTED):
         cg.add(var.set_inverted(inverted))
     if filters_config := config.get(CONF_FILTERS):
+        cg.add_define("USE_BINARY_SENSOR_FILTER")
         filters = await cg.build_registry_list(FILTER_REGISTRY, filters_config)
         cg.add(var.add_filters(filters))
 

esphome/components/binary_sensor/automation.cpp

@@ -29,10 +29,8 @@ void MultiClickTrigger::on_state_(bool state) {
     // Start matching
     MultiClickTriggerEvent evt = this->timing_[0];
     if (evt.state == state) {
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG,
-               "START min=%" PRIu32 " max=%" PRIu32 "\n"
-               "Multi Click: Starting multi click action!",
-               evt.min_length, evt.max_length);
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "START min=%" PRIu32 " max=%" PRIu32, evt.min_length, evt.max_length);
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Multi Click: Starting multi click action!");
       this->at_index_ = 1;
       if (this->timing_.size() == 1 && evt.max_length == 4294967294UL) {
         this->set_timeout(MULTICLICK_TRIGGER_ID, evt.min_length, [this]() { this->trigger_(); });

esphome/components/binary_sensor/binary_sensor.cpp

@@ -18,11 +18,15 @@ void log_binary_sensor(const char *tag, const char *prefix, const char *type, Bi
 }
 
 void BinarySensor::publish_state(bool new_state) {
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR_FILTER
   if (this->filter_list_ == nullptr) {
+#endif
     this->send_state_internal(new_state);
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR_FILTER
   } else {
     this->filter_list_->input(new_state);
   }
+#endif
 }
 void BinarySensor::publish_initial_state(bool new_state) {
   this->invalidate_state();
@@ -47,6 +51,7 @@ bool BinarySensor::set_new_state(const optional<bool> &new_state) {
   return false;
 }
 
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR_FILTER
 void BinarySensor::add_filter(Filter *filter) {
   filter->parent_ = this;
   if (this->filter_list_ == nullptr) {
@@ -63,6 +68,7 @@ void BinarySensor::add_filters(std::initializer_list<Filter *> filters) {
     this->add_filter(filter);
   }
 }
+#endif  // USE_BINARY_SENSOR_FILTER
 bool BinarySensor::is_status_binary_sensor() const { return false; }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::binary_sensor

esphome/components/binary_sensor/binary_sensor.h

@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/entity_base.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR_FILTER
 #include "esphome/components/binary_sensor/filter.h"
+#endif
 
 #include <initializer_list>
 
@@ -45,8 +47,10 @@ class BinarySensor : public StatefulEntityBase<bool>, public EntityBase_DeviceCl
    */
   void publish_initial_state(bool new_state);
 
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR_FILTER
   void add_filter(Filter *filter);
   void add_filters(std::initializer_list<Filter *> filters);
+#endif
 
   // ========== INTERNAL METHODS ==========
   // (In most use cases you won't need these)
@@ -60,7 +64,9 @@ class BinarySensor : public StatefulEntityBase<bool>, public EntityBase_DeviceCl
   bool state{};
 
  protected:
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR_FILTER
   Filter *filter_list_{nullptr};
+#endif
 
   bool set_new_state(const optional<bool> &new_state) override;
 };

esphome/components/binary_sensor/filter.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR_FILTER
+
 #include "filter.h"
 
 #include "binary_sensor.h"
@@ -142,3 +145,5 @@ optional<bool> SettleFilter::new_value(bool value) {
 float SettleFilter::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::HARDWARE; }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::binary_sensor
+
+#endif  // USE_BINARY_SENSOR_FILTER

esphome/components/binary_sensor/filter.h

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
+#ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR_FILTER
+
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
@@ -138,3 +141,5 @@ class SettleFilter : public Filter, public Component {
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::binary_sensor
+
+#endif  // USE_BINARY_SENSOR_FILTER

esphome/components/bl0940/bl0940.cpp

@@ -182,7 +182,10 @@ void BL0940::recalibrate_() {
 
   ESP_LOGD(TAG,
            "Recalibrated reference values:\n"
-           "Voltage: %f\n, Current: %f\n, Power: %f\n, Energy: %f\n",
+           "  Voltage: %f\n"
+           "  Current: %f\n"
+           "  Power: %f\n"
+           "  Energy: %f",
            this->voltage_reference_cal_, this->current_reference_cal_, this->power_reference_cal_,
            this->energy_reference_cal_);
 }

esphome/components/bme680/bme680.cpp

@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ static const uint8_t BME680_REGISTER_CHIPID = 0xD0;
 
 static const uint8_t BME680_REGISTER_FIELD0 = 0x1D;
 
-const float BME680_GAS_LOOKUP_TABLE_1[16] PROGMEM = {0.0, 0.0, 0.0,  0.0,  0.0, -1.0, 0.0, -0.8,
-                                                     0.0, 0.0, -0.2, -0.5, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0};
+constexpr float BME680_GAS_LOOKUP_TABLE_1[16] PROGMEM = {0.0, 0.0, 0.0,  0.0,  0.0, -1.0, 0.0, -0.8,
+                                                         0.0, 0.0, -0.2, -0.5, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0};
 
-const float BME680_GAS_LOOKUP_TABLE_2[16] PROGMEM = {0.0,  0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.7, 0.0, -0.8,
-                                                     -0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0};
+constexpr float BME680_GAS_LOOKUP_TABLE_2[16] PROGMEM = {0.0,  0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.7, 0.0, -0.8,
+                                                         -0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0};
 
 [[maybe_unused]] static const char *oversampling_to_str(BME680Oversampling oversampling) {
   switch (oversampling) {

esphome/components/bme680_bsec/bme680_bsec.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "esphome/core/preferences.h"
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include <map>
+#include <queue>
 
 #ifdef USE_BSEC
 #include <bsec.h>

esphome/components/bme68x_bsec2/__init__.py

@@ -178,8 +178,11 @@ async def to_code_base(config):
     bsec2_arr = cg.progmem_array(config[CONF_RAW_DATA_ID], rhs)
     cg.add(var.set_bsec2_configuration(bsec2_arr, len(rhs)))
 
-    # Although this component does not use SPI, the BSEC2 Arduino library requires the SPI library
+    # The BSEC2 and BME68x Arduino libraries unconditionally include Wire.h and
+    # SPI.h in their source files, so these libraries must be available even though
+    # ESPHome uses its own I2C/SPI abstractions instead of the Arduino ones.
     if core.CORE.using_arduino:
+        cg.add_library("Wire", None)
         cg.add_library("SPI", None)
     cg.add_library(
         "BME68x Sensor library",

esphome/components/captive_portal/__init__.py

@@ -76,13 +76,15 @@ def _final_validate(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
 
     # Register socket needs for DNS server and additional HTTP connections
     # - 1 UDP socket for DNS server
-    # - 3 additional TCP sockets for captive portal detection probes + configuration requests
+    # - 3 TCP sockets for captive portal detection probes + configuration requests
     #   OS captive portal detection makes multiple probe requests that stay in TIME_WAIT.
     #   Need headroom for actual user configuration requests.
     #   LRU purging will reclaim idle sockets to prevent exhaustion from repeated attempts.
+    # The listening socket is registered by web_server_base (shared HTTP server).
     from esphome.components import socket
 
-    socket.consume_sockets(4, "captive_portal")(config)
+    socket.consume_sockets(3, "captive_portal")(config)
+    socket.consume_sockets(1, "captive_portal", socket.SocketType.UDP)(config)
 
     return config
 

esphome/components/captive_portal/captive_index.h

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 namespace esphome::captive_portal {
 
 #ifdef USE_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_GZIP
-const uint8_t INDEX_GZ[] PROGMEM = {
+constexpr uint8_t INDEX_GZ[] PROGMEM = {
     0x1f, 0x8b, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x95, 0x16, 0x6b, 0x8f, 0xdb, 0x36, 0xf2, 0x7b, 0x7e,
     0x05, 0x8f, 0x49, 0xbb, 0x52, 0xb3, 0x7a, 0x7a, 0xed, 0x6c, 0x24, 0x51, 0x45, 0x9a, 0xbb, 0xa2, 0x05, 0x9a, 0x36,
     0xc0, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x1f, 0x82, 0x00, 0x4b, 0x53, 0x23, 0x8b, 0x31, 0x45, 0xea, 0x48, 0xca, 0x8f, 0x18, 0xbe, 0xdf,
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ const uint8_t INDEX_GZ[] PROGMEM = {
     0xfc, 0xda, 0xd1, 0xf8, 0xe9, 0xa3, 0xe1, 0xa6, 0xfb, 0x1f, 0x53, 0x58, 0x46, 0xb2, 0xf9, 0x0a, 0x00, 0x00};
 
 #else  // Brotli (default, smaller)
-const uint8_t INDEX_BR[] PROGMEM = {
+constexpr uint8_t INDEX_BR[] PROGMEM = {
     0x1b, 0xf8, 0x0a, 0x00, 0x64, 0x5a, 0xd3, 0xfa, 0xe7, 0xf3, 0x62, 0xd8, 0x06, 0x1b, 0xe9, 0x6a, 0x8a, 0x81, 0x2b,
     0xb5, 0x49, 0x14, 0x37, 0xdc, 0x9e, 0x1a, 0xcb, 0x56, 0x87, 0xfb, 0xff, 0xf7, 0x73, 0x75, 0x12, 0x0a, 0xd6, 0x48,
     0x84, 0xc6, 0x21, 0xa4, 0x6d, 0xb5, 0x71, 0xef, 0x13, 0xbe, 0x4e, 0x54, 0xf1, 0x64, 0x8f, 0x3f, 0xcc, 0x9a, 0x78,

esphome/components/captive_portal/dns_server_esp32_idf.cpp

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ void DNSServer::start(const network::IPAddress &ip) {
 #endif
 
   // Create loop-monitored UDP socket
-  this->socket_ = socket::socket_ip_loop_monitored(SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);
+  this->socket_ = socket::socket_ip_loop_monitored(SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP).release();
   if (this->socket_ == nullptr) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Socket create failed");
     return;
@@ -70,17 +70,14 @@ void DNSServer::start(const network::IPAddress &ip) {
   int err = this->socket_->bind((struct sockaddr *) &server_addr, addr_len);
   if (err != 0) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Bind failed: %d", errno);
-    this->socket_ = nullptr;
+    this->destroy_socket_();
     return;
   }
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Bound to port %d", DNS_PORT);
 }
 
 void DNSServer::stop() {
-  if (this->socket_ != nullptr) {
-    this->socket_->close();
-    this->socket_ = nullptr;
-  }
+  this->destroy_socket_();
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Stopped");
 }
 

esphome/components/captive_portal/dns_server_esp32_idf.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 
-#include <memory>
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/components/network/ip_address.h"
 #include "esphome/components/socket/socket.h"
@@ -15,9 +14,15 @@ class DNSServer {
   void process_next_request();
 
  protected:
+  // No explicit close() needed — listen sockets have no active connections on
+  // failure/shutdown. Destructor handles fd cleanup (close or abort per platform).
+  inline void destroy_socket_() {
+    delete this->socket_;
+    this->socket_ = nullptr;
+  }
   static constexpr size_t DNS_BUFFER_SIZE = 192;
 
-  std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket_{nullptr};
+  socket::Socket *socket_{nullptr};
   network::IPAddress server_ip_;
   uint8_t buffer_[DNS_BUFFER_SIZE];
 };

esphome/components/cc1101/__init__.py

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_DATA,
     CONF_FREQUENCY,
     CONF_ID,
+    CONF_OUTPUT_POWER,
+    CONF_VALUE,
     CONF_WAIT_TIME,
 )
 from esphome.core import ID
@@ -21,7 +23,6 @@ ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("cc1101")
 CC1101Component = ns.class_("CC1101Component", cg.Component, spi.SPIDevice)
 
 # Config keys
-CONF_OUTPUT_POWER = "output_power"
 CONF_RX_ATTENUATION = "rx_attenuation"
 CONF_DC_BLOCKING_FILTER = "dc_blocking_filter"
 CONF_IF_FREQUENCY = "if_frequency"
@@ -333,3 +334,94 @@ async def send_packet_action_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, args):
         arr = cg.static_const_array(arr_id, cg.ArrayInitializer(*data))
         cg.add(var.set_data_static(arr, len(data)))
     return var
+
+
+# Setter action definitions: (setter_name, validator, template_type, enum_map)
+_SETTER_ACTIONS = [
+    (
+        "set_frequency",
+        cv.All(cv.frequency, cv.float_range(min=300.0e6, max=928.0e6)),
+        float,
+        None,
+    ),
+    ("set_output_power", cv.float_range(min=-30.0, max=11.0), float, None),
+    ("set_modulation_type", cv.enum(MODULATION, upper=False), Modulation, MODULATION),
+    ("set_symbol_rate", cv.float_range(min=600, max=500000), float, None),
+    (
+        "set_rx_attenuation",
+        cv.enum(RX_ATTENUATION, upper=False),
+        RxAttenuation,
+        RX_ATTENUATION,
+    ),
+    ("set_dc_blocking_filter", cv.boolean, bool, None),
+    ("set_manchester", cv.boolean, bool, None),
+    (
+        "set_filter_bandwidth",
+        cv.All(cv.frequency, cv.float_range(min=58000, max=812000)),
+        float,
+        None,
+    ),
+    (
+        "set_fsk_deviation",
+        cv.All(cv.frequency, cv.float_range(min=1500, max=381000)),
+        float,
+        None,
+    ),
+    ("set_msk_deviation", cv.int_range(min=1, max=8), cg.uint8, None),
+    ("set_channel", cv.uint8_t, cg.uint8, None),
+    (
+        "set_channel_spacing",
+        cv.All(cv.frequency, cv.float_range(min=25000, max=405000)),
+        float,
+        None,
+    ),
+    (
+        "set_if_frequency",
+        cv.All(cv.frequency, cv.float_range(min=25000, max=788000)),
+        float,
+        None,
+    ),
+]
+
+
+def _register_setter_actions():
+    for setter_name, validator, templ_type, enum_map in _SETTER_ACTIONS:
+        class_name = (
+            "".join(word.capitalize() for word in setter_name.split("_")) + "Action"
+        )
+        action_cls = ns.class_(
+            class_name, automation.Action, cg.Parented.template(CC1101Component)
+        )
+        schema = cv.maybe_simple_value(
+            {
+                cv.GenerateID(): cv.use_id(CC1101Component),
+                cv.Required(CONF_VALUE): cv.templatable(validator),
+            },
+            key=CONF_VALUE,
+        )
+
+        async def _setter_action_to_code(
+            config,
+            action_id,
+            template_arg,
+            args,
+            _setter=setter_name,
+            _type=templ_type,
+            _map=enum_map,
+        ):
+            var = cg.new_Pvariable(action_id, template_arg)
+            await cg.register_parented(var, config[CONF_ID])
+            data = config[CONF_VALUE]
+            if cg.is_template(data):
+                templ_ = await cg.templatable(data, args, _type)
+                cg.add(getattr(var, _setter)(templ_))
+            else:
+                cg.add(getattr(var, _setter)(_map[data] if _map else data))
+            return var
+
+        automation.register_action(f"cc1101.{setter_name}", action_cls, schema)(
+            _setter_action_to_code
+        )
+
+
+_register_setter_actions()

esphome/components/cc1101/cc1101.h

@@ -161,4 +161,82 @@ template<typename... Ts> class SendPacketAction : public Action<Ts...>, public P
   size_t data_static_len_{0};
 };
 
+template<typename... Ts> class SetSymbolRateAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, symbol_rate)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_symbol_rate(this->symbol_rate_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SetFrequencyAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, frequency)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_frequency(this->frequency_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SetOutputPowerAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, output_power)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_output_power(this->output_power_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SetModulationTypeAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(Modulation, modulation_type)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_modulation_type(this->modulation_type_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SetRxAttenuationAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(RxAttenuation, rx_attenuation)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_rx_attenuation(this->rx_attenuation_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SetDcBlockingFilterAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(bool, dc_blocking_filter)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_dc_blocking_filter(this->dc_blocking_filter_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SetManchesterAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(bool, manchester)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_manchester(this->manchester_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SetFilterBandwidthAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, filter_bandwidth)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_filter_bandwidth(this->filter_bandwidth_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SetFskDeviationAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, fsk_deviation)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_fsk_deviation(this->fsk_deviation_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SetMskDeviationAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint8_t, msk_deviation)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_msk_deviation(this->msk_deviation_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SetChannelAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint8_t, channel)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_channel(this->channel_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SetChannelSpacingAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, channel_spacing)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_channel_spacing(this->channel_spacing_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SetIfFrequencyAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<CC1101Component> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, if_frequency)
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_if_frequency(this->if_frequency_.value(x...)); }
+};
+
 }  // namespace esphome::cc1101

esphome/components/ch422g/ch422g.cpp

@@ -124,9 +124,11 @@ bool CH422GComponent::write_outputs_() {
 
 float CH422GComponent::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::IO; }
 
+#ifdef USE_LOOP_PRIORITY
 // Run our loop() method very early in the loop, so that we cache read values
 // before other components call our digital_read() method.
 float CH422GComponent::get_loop_priority() const { return 9.0f; }  // Just after WIFI
+#endif
 
 void CH422GGPIOPin::pin_mode(gpio::Flags flags) { this->parent_->pin_mode(this->pin_, flags); }
 bool CH422GGPIOPin::digital_read() { return this->parent_->digital_read(this->pin_) ^ this->inverted_; }

esphome/components/ch422g/ch422g.h

@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ class CH422GComponent : public Component, public i2c::I2CDevice {
   void pin_mode(uint8_t pin, gpio::Flags flags);
 
   float get_setup_priority() const override;
+#ifdef USE_LOOP_PRIORITY
   float get_loop_priority() const override;
+#endif
   void dump_config() override;
 
  protected:

esphome/components/ch423/ch423.cpp

@@ -129,9 +129,11 @@ bool CH423Component::write_outputs_() {
 
 float CH423Component::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::IO; }
 
+#ifdef USE_LOOP_PRIORITY
 // Run our loop() method very early in the loop, so that we cache read values
 // before other components call our digital_read() method.
 float CH423Component::get_loop_priority() const { return 9.0f; }  // Just after WIFI
+#endif
 
 void CH423GPIOPin::pin_mode(gpio::Flags flags) { this->parent_->pin_mode(this->pin_, flags); }
 bool CH423GPIOPin::digital_read() { return this->parent_->digital_read(this->pin_) ^ this->inverted_; }

esphome/components/ch423/ch423.h

@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ class CH423Component : public Component, public i2c::I2CDevice {
   void pin_mode(uint8_t pin, gpio::Flags flags);
 
   float get_setup_priority() const override;
+#ifdef USE_LOOP_PRIORITY
   float get_loop_priority() const override;
+#endif
   void dump_config() override;
 
  protected:

esphome/components/current_based/current_based_cover.cpp

@@ -148,14 +148,14 @@ void CurrentBasedCover::dump_config() {
   }
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                 "  Close Duration: %.1fs\n"
-                "Obstacle Rollback: %.1f%%",
+                "  Obstacle Rollback: %.1f%%",
                 this->close_duration_ / 1e3f, this->obstacle_rollback_ * 100);
   if (this->max_duration_ != UINT32_MAX) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "Maximum duration: %.1fs", this->max_duration_ / 1e3f);
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Maximum duration: %.1fs", this->max_duration_ / 1e3f);
   }
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
-                "Start sensing delay: %.1fs\n"
-                "Malfunction detection: %s",
+                "  Start sensing delay: %.1fs\n"
+                "  Malfunction detection: %s",
                 this->start_sensing_delay_ / 1e3f, YESNO(this->malfunction_detection_));
 }
 

esphome/components/debug/debug_esp32.cpp

@@ -79,7 +79,6 @@ const char *DebugComponent::get_reset_reason_(std::span<char, RESET_REASON_BUFFE
   } else {
     snprintf(buf, size, "unknown source");
   }
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Reset Reason: %s", buf);
   return buf;
 }
 
@@ -107,7 +106,6 @@ const char *DebugComponent::get_wakeup_cause_(std::span<char, RESET_REASON_BUFFE
   } else {
     wake_reason = "unknown source";
   }
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Wakeup Reason: %s", wake_reason);
   // Return the static string directly - no need to copy to buffer
   return wake_reason;
 }
@@ -172,7 +170,6 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
   }
   uint32_t flash_size = ESP.getFlashChipSize() / 1024;       // NOLINT
   uint32_t flash_speed = ESP.getFlashChipSpeed() / 1000000;  // NOLINT
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Flash Chip: Size=%" PRIu32 "kB Speed=%" PRIu32 "MHz Mode=%s", flash_size, flash_speed, flash_mode);
   pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Flash: %" PRIu32 "kB Speed:%" PRIu32 "MHz Mode:%s", flash_size, flash_speed,
                           flash_mode);
 #endif
@@ -194,39 +191,46 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
   if (info.features != 0) {
     pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "%sOther:0x%" PRIx32, first_feature ? "" : ", ", info.features);
   }
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Chip: Model=%s, Cores=%u, Revision=%u", model, info.cores, info.revision);
   pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, " Cores:%u Revision:%u", info.cores, info.revision);
 
   uint32_t cpu_freq_mhz = arch_get_cpu_freq_hz() / 1000000;
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "CPU Frequency: %" PRIu32 " MHz", cpu_freq_mhz);
   pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|CPU Frequency: %" PRIu32 " MHz", cpu_freq_mhz);
 
-  // Framework detection
-#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Framework: Arduino");
-  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Framework: Arduino");
-#elif defined(USE_ESP32)
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Framework: ESP-IDF");
-  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Framework: ESP-IDF");
-#else
-  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Framework: UNKNOWN");
-  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Framework: UNKNOWN");
-#endif
-
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "ESP-IDF Version: %s", esp_get_idf_version());
-  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|ESP-IDF: %s", esp_get_idf_version());
-
-  uint8_t mac[6];
-  get_mac_address_raw(mac);
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "EFuse MAC: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X", mac[0], mac[1], mac[2], mac[3], mac[4], mac[5]);
-  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|EFuse MAC: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X", mac[0], mac[1], mac[2], mac[3],
-                          mac[4], mac[5]);
-
   char reason_buffer[RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE];
   const char *reset_reason = get_reset_reason_(std::span<char, RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE>(reason_buffer));
-  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Reset: %s", reset_reason);
-
   const char *wakeup_cause = get_wakeup_cause_(std::span<char, RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE>(reason_buffer));
+
+  uint8_t mac[6];
+  get_mac_address_raw(mac);
+
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG,
+           "ESP32 debug info:\n"
+           "  Chip: %s\n"
+           "  Cores: %u\n"
+           "  Revision: %u\n"
+           "  CPU Frequency: %" PRIu32 " MHz\n"
+           "  ESP-IDF Version: %s\n"
+           "  EFuse MAC: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X\n"
+           "  Reset Reason: %s\n"
+           "  Wakeup Cause: %s",
+           model, info.cores, info.revision, cpu_freq_mhz, esp_get_idf_version(), mac[0], mac[1], mac[2], mac[3],
+           mac[4], mac[5], reset_reason, wakeup_cause);
+#if defined(USE_ARDUINO)
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Flash: Size=%" PRIu32 "kB Speed=%" PRIu32 "MHz Mode=%s", flash_size, flash_speed, flash_mode);
+#endif
+  // Framework detection
+#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Framework: Arduino");
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Framework: Arduino");
+#else
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Framework: ESP-IDF");
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Framework: ESP-IDF");
+#endif
+
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|ESP-IDF: %s", esp_get_idf_version());
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|EFuse MAC: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X", mac[0], mac[1], mac[2], mac[3],
+                          mac[4], mac[5]);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Reset: %s", reset_reason);
   pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Wakeup: %s", wakeup_cause);
 
   return pos;

esphome/components/debug/debug_esp8266.cpp

@@ -128,14 +128,16 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
   // NOLINTEND(readability-static-accessed-through-instance)
 
   ESP_LOGD(TAG,
-           "Chip ID: 0x%08" PRIX32 "\n"
-           "SDK Version: %s\n"
-           "Core Version: %s\n"
-           "Boot Version=%u Mode=%u\n"
-           "CPU Frequency: %u\n"
-           "Flash Chip ID=0x%08" PRIX32 "\n"
-           "Reset Reason: %s\n"
-           "Reset Info: %s",
+           "ESP8266 debug info:\n"
+           "  Chip ID: 0x%08" PRIX32 "\n"
+           "  SDK Version: %s\n"
+           "  Core Version: %s\n"
+           "  Boot Version: %u\n"
+           "  Boot Mode: %u\n"
+           "  CPU Frequency: %u\n"
+           "  Flash Chip ID: 0x%08" PRIX32 "\n"
+           "  Reset Reason: %s\n"
+           "  Reset Info: %s",
            chip_id, sdk_version, get_core_version_str(core_version_buffer), boot_version, boot_mode, cpu_freq,
            flash_chip_id, reset_reason, get_reset_info_str(reset_info_buffer, resetInfo.reason));
 

esphome/components/debug/debug_libretiny.cpp

@@ -27,12 +27,14 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
   uint32_t mac_id = lt_cpu_get_mac_id();
 
   ESP_LOGD(TAG,
-           "LibreTiny Version: %s\n"
-           "Chip: %s (%04x) @ %u MHz\n"
-           "Chip ID: 0x%06" PRIX32 "\n"
-           "Board: %s\n"
-           "Flash: %" PRIu32 " KiB / RAM: %" PRIu32 " KiB\n"
-           "Reset Reason: %s",
+           "LibreTiny debug info:\n"
+           "  Version: %s\n"
+           "  Chip: %s (%04x) @ %u MHz\n"
+           "  Chip ID: 0x%06" PRIX32 "\n"
+           "  Board: %s\n"
+           "  Flash: %" PRIu32 " KiB\n"
+           "  RAM: %" PRIu32 " KiB\n"
+           "  Reset Reason: %s",
            lt_get_version(), lt_cpu_get_model_name(), lt_cpu_get_model(), lt_cpu_get_freq_mhz(), mac_id,
            lt_get_board_code(), flash_kib, ram_kib, reset_reason);
 

esphome/components/debug/debug_zephyr.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #ifdef USE_ZEPHYR
 #include <climits>
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
+#include <esphome/components/zephyr/reset_reason.h>
 #include <zephyr/drivers/hwinfo.h>
 #include <hal/nrf_power.h>
 #include <cstdint>
@@ -15,16 +16,6 @@ static const char *const TAG = "debug";
 constexpr std::uintptr_t MBR_PARAM_PAGE_ADDR = 0xFFC;
 constexpr std::uintptr_t MBR_BOOTLOADER_ADDR = 0xFF8;
 
-static size_t append_reset_reason(char *buf, size_t size, size_t pos, bool set, const char *reason) {
-  if (!set) {
-    return pos;
-  }
-  if (pos > 0) {
-    pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, ", ");
-  }
-  return buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "%s", reason);
-}
-
 static inline uint32_t read_mem_u32(uintptr_t addr) {
   return *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t *>(addr);  // NOLINT(performance-no-int-to-ptr)
 }
@@ -57,39 +48,7 @@ static inline uint32_t sd_version_get() {
 }
 
 const char *DebugComponent::get_reset_reason_(std::span<char, RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer) {
-  char *buf = buffer.data();
-  const size_t size = RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE;
-
-  uint32_t cause;
-  auto ret = hwinfo_get_reset_cause(&cause);
-  if (ret) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Unable to get reset cause: %d", ret);
-    buf[0] = '\0';
-    return buf;
-  }
-  size_t pos = 0;
-
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_PIN, "External pin");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_SOFTWARE, "Software reset");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_BROWNOUT, "Brownout (drop in voltage)");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_POR, "Power-on reset (POR)");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_WATCHDOG, "Watchdog timer expiration");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_DEBUG, "Debug event");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_SECURITY, "Security violation");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_LOW_POWER_WAKE, "Waking up from low power mode");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_CPU_LOCKUP, "CPU lock-up detected");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_PARITY, "Parity error");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_PLL, "PLL error");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_CLOCK, "Clock error");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_HARDWARE, "Hardware reset");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_USER, "User reset");
-  pos = append_reset_reason(buf, size, pos, cause & RESET_TEMPERATURE, "Temperature reset");
-
-  // Ensure null termination if nothing was written
-  if (pos == 0) {
-    buf[0] = '\0';
-  }
-
+  const char *buf = zephyr::get_reset_reason(buffer);
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Reset Reason: %s", buf);
   return buf;
 }
@@ -120,13 +79,13 @@ static void fa_cb(const struct flash_area *fa, void *user_data) {
 void DebugComponent::log_partition_info_() {
 #if CONFIG_FLASH_MAP_LABELS
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "ID | Device     | Device Name               "
-                     "| Label                   | Offset     | Size\n"
-                     "--------------------------------------------"
+                     "| Label                   | Offset     | Size");
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "--------------------------------------------"
                      "-----------------------------------------------");
 #else
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "ID | Device     | Device Name               "
-                     "| Offset     | Size\n"
-                     "-----------------------------------------"
+                     "| Offset     | Size");
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "-----------------------------------------"
                      "------------------------------");
 #endif
   flash_area_foreach(fa_cb, nullptr);
@@ -325,11 +284,12 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
   char mac_pretty[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
   get_mac_address_pretty_into_buffer(mac_pretty);
   ESP_LOGD(TAG,
-           "Code page size: %u, code size: %u, device id: 0x%08x%08x\n"
-           "Encryption root: 0x%08x%08x%08x%08x, Identity Root: 0x%08x%08x%08x%08x\n"
-           "Device address type: %s, address: %s\n"
-           "Part code: nRF%x, version: %c%c%c%c, package: %s\n"
-           "RAM: %ukB, Flash: %ukB, production test: %sdone",
+           "nRF debug info:\n"
+           "  Code page size: %u, code size: %u, device id: 0x%08x%08x\n"
+           "  Encryption root: 0x%08x%08x%08x%08x, Identity Root: 0x%08x%08x%08x%08x\n"
+           "  Device address type: %s, address: %s\n"
+           "  Part code: nRF%x, version: %c%c%c%c, package: %s\n"
+           "  RAM: %ukB, Flash: %ukB, production test: %sdone",
            NRF_FICR->CODEPAGESIZE, NRF_FICR->CODESIZE, NRF_FICR->DEVICEID[1], NRF_FICR->DEVICEID[0], NRF_FICR->ER[0],
            NRF_FICR->ER[1], NRF_FICR->ER[2], NRF_FICR->ER[3], NRF_FICR->IR[0], NRF_FICR->IR[1], NRF_FICR->IR[2],
            NRF_FICR->IR[3], (NRF_FICR->DEVICEADDRTYPE & 0x1 ? "Random" : "Public"), mac_pretty, NRF_FICR->INFO.PART,
@@ -340,23 +300,22 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
                          (NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] & UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Msk) == UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Connected
                                                                                       << UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Pos;
   ESP_LOGD(
-      TAG, "GPIO as NFC pins: %s, GPIO as nRESET pin: %s",
+      TAG, "  GPIO as NFC pins: %s, GPIO as nRESET pin: %s",
       YESNO((NRF_UICR->NFCPINS & UICR_NFCPINS_PROTECT_Msk) == (UICR_NFCPINS_PROTECT_NFC << UICR_NFCPINS_PROTECT_Pos)),
       YESNO(n_reset_enabled));
   if (n_reset_enabled) {
     uint8_t port = (NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] & UICR_PSELRESET_PORT_Msk) >> UICR_PSELRESET_PORT_Pos;
     uint8_t pin = (NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] & UICR_PSELRESET_PIN_Msk) >> UICR_PSELRESET_PIN_Pos;
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "nRESET port P%u.%02u", port, pin);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  nRESET port P%u.%02u", port, pin);
   }
 #ifdef USE_BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "bootloader: mcuboot");
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Bootloader: mcuboot");
 #else
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "bootloader: Adafruit, version %u.%u.%u", (BOOTLOADER_VERSION_REGISTER >> 16) & 0xFF,
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Bootloader: Adafruit, version %u.%u.%u", (BOOTLOADER_VERSION_REGISTER >> 16) & 0xFF,
            (BOOTLOADER_VERSION_REGISTER >> 8) & 0xFF, BOOTLOADER_VERSION_REGISTER & 0xFF);
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG,
-           "MBR bootloader addr 0x%08x, UICR bootloader addr 0x%08x\n"
-           "MBR param page addr 0x%08x, UICR param page addr 0x%08x",
-           read_mem_u32(MBR_BOOTLOADER_ADDR), NRF_UICR->NRFFW[0], read_mem_u32(MBR_PARAM_PAGE_ADDR),
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  MBR bootloader addr 0x%08x, UICR bootloader addr 0x%08x", read_mem_u32(MBR_BOOTLOADER_ADDR),
+           NRF_UICR->NRFFW[0]);
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  MBR param page addr 0x%08x, UICR param page addr 0x%08x", read_mem_u32(MBR_PARAM_PAGE_ADDR),
            NRF_UICR->NRFFW[1]);
   if (is_sd_present()) {
     uint32_t const sd_id = sd_id_get();
@@ -367,7 +326,7 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
     ver[1] = (sd_version - ver[0] * 1000000) / 1000;
     ver[2] = (sd_version - ver[0] * 1000000 - ver[1] * 1000);
 
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "SoftDevice: S%u %u.%u.%u", sd_id, ver[0], ver[1], ver[2]);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  SoftDevice: S%u %u.%u.%u", sd_id, ver[0], ver[1], ver[2]);
 #ifdef USE_SOFTDEVICE_ID
 #ifdef USE_SOFTDEVICE_VERSION
     if (USE_SOFTDEVICE_ID != sd_id || USE_SOFTDEVICE_VERSION != ver[0]) {
@@ -393,10 +352,8 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
     }
     return res;
   };
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG,
-           "NRFFW %s\n"
-           "NRFHW %s",
-           uicr(NRF_UICR->NRFFW, 13).c_str(), uicr(NRF_UICR->NRFHW, 12).c_str());
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  NRFFW %s", uicr(NRF_UICR->NRFFW, 13).c_str());
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  NRFHW %s", uicr(NRF_UICR->NRFHW, 12).c_str());
 
   return pos;
 }

esphome/components/deep_sleep/deep_sleep_component.cpp

@@ -40,9 +40,11 @@ void DeepSleepComponent::loop() {
     this->begin_sleep();
 }
 
+#ifdef USE_LOOP_PRIORITY
 float DeepSleepComponent::get_loop_priority() const {
   return -100.0f;  // run after everything else is ready
 }
+#endif
 
 void DeepSleepComponent::set_sleep_duration(uint32_t time_ms) { this->sleep_duration_ = uint64_t(time_ms) * 1000; }
 

esphome/components/deep_sleep/deep_sleep_component.h

@@ -113,7 +113,9 @@ class DeepSleepComponent : public Component {
   void setup() override;
   void dump_config() override;
   void loop() override;
+#ifdef USE_LOOP_PRIORITY
   float get_loop_priority() const override;
+#endif
   float get_setup_priority() const override;
 
   /// Helper to enter deep sleep mode

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0395/commands.cpp

@@ -187,18 +187,18 @@ uint8_t DetRangeCfgCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {
   } else if (message == "Done") {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG,
              "Updated detection area config:\n"
-             "Detection area 1 from %.02fm to %.02fm.",
+             "  Detection area 1 from %.02fm to %.02fm.",
              this->min1_, this->max1_);
     if (this->min2_ >= 0 && this->max2_ >= 0) {
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Detection area 2 from %.02fm to %.02fm.", this->min2_, this->max2_);
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "  Detection area 2 from %.02fm to %.02fm.", this->min2_, this->max2_);
     }
     if (this->min3_ >= 0 && this->max3_ >= 0) {
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Detection area 3 from %.02fm to %.02fm.", this->min3_, this->max3_);
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "  Detection area 3 from %.02fm to %.02fm.", this->min3_, this->max3_);
     }
     if (this->min4_ >= 0 && this->max4_ >= 0) {
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Detection area 4 from %.02fm to %.02fm.", this->min4_, this->max4_);
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "  Detection area 4 from %.02fm to %.02fm.", this->min4_, this->max4_);
     }
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Used command: %s", this->cmd_.c_str());
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Used command: %s", this->cmd_.c_str());
     return 1;  // Command done
   }
   return 0;  // Command not done yet.
@@ -222,10 +222,10 @@ uint8_t SetLatencyCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {
   } else if (message == "Done") {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG,
              "Updated output latency config:\n"
-             "Signal that someone was detected is delayed by %.03f s.\n"
-             "Signal that nobody is detected anymore is delayed by %.03f s.",
+             "  Signal that someone was detected is delayed by %.03f s.\n"
+             "  Signal that nobody is detected anymore is delayed by %.03f s.",
              this->delay_after_detection_, this->delay_after_disappear_);
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Used command: %s", this->cmd_.c_str());
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Used command: %s", this->cmd_.c_str());
     return 1;  // Command done
   }
   return 0;  // Command not done yet

esphome/components/display/display.cpp

@@ -810,9 +810,9 @@ bool Display::clamp_y_(int y, int h, int &min_y, int &max_y) {
   return min_y < max_y;
 }
 
-const uint8_t TESTCARD_FONT[3][8] PROGMEM = {{0x41, 0x7F, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x7F, 0x66, 0x00},   // 'R'
-                                             {0x1C, 0x3E, 0x63, 0x41, 0x51, 0x73, 0x72, 0x00},   // 'G'
-                                             {0x41, 0x7F, 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7F, 0x36, 0x00}};  // 'B'
+constexpr uint8_t TESTCARD_FONT[3][8] PROGMEM = {{0x41, 0x7F, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x7F, 0x66, 0x00},   // 'R'
+                                                 {0x1C, 0x3E, 0x63, 0x41, 0x51, 0x73, 0x72, 0x00},   // 'G'
+                                                 {0x41, 0x7F, 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7F, 0x36, 0x00}};  // 'B'
 
 void Display::test_card() {
   int w = get_width(), h = get_height(), image_w, image_h;

esphome/components/dsmr/dsmr.h

@@ -64,6 +64,9 @@ class Dsmr : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
   void dump_config() override;
 
   void set_decryption_key(const char *decryption_key);
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("Pass .c_str() - e.g. set_decryption_key(key.c_str()). Removed in 2026.8.0", "2026.2.0")
+  void set_decryption_key(const std::string &decryption_key) { this->set_decryption_key(decryption_key.c_str()); }
   void set_max_telegram_length(size_t length) { this->max_telegram_len_ = length; }
   void set_request_pin(GPIOPin *request_pin) { this->request_pin_ = request_pin; }
   void set_request_interval(uint32_t interval) { this->request_interval_ = interval; }

esphome/components/e131/e131.cpp

@@ -70,27 +70,12 @@ void E131Component::loop() {
   E131Packet packet;
   int universe = 0;
   uint8_t buf[1460];
+  ssize_t len;
 
-#if defined(USE_SOCKET_IMPL_BSD_SOCKETS) || defined(USE_SOCKET_IMPL_LWIP_SOCKETS)
-  ssize_t len = this->socket_->read(buf, sizeof(buf));
-  if (len == -1) {
-    return;
-  }
-
-  if (!this->packet_(buf, (size_t) len, universe, packet)) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Invalid packet received of size %d.", (int) len);
-    return;
-  }
-
-  if (!this->process_(universe, packet)) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Ignored packet for %d universe of size %d.", universe, packet.count);
-  }
-#elif defined(USE_SOCKET_IMPL_LWIP_TCP)
-  while (auto packet_size = this->udp_.parsePacket()) {
-    auto len = this->udp_.read(buf, sizeof(buf));
-    if (len <= 0)
-      continue;
-
+  // Drain all queued packets so multi-universe frames are applied
+  // atomically before the light writes. Without this, each universe
+  // packet would trigger a separate full-strip write causing tearing.
+  while ((len = this->read_(buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
     if (!this->packet_(buf, (size_t) len, universe, packet)) {
       ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Invalid packet received of size %d.", (int) len);
       continue;
@@ -100,7 +85,6 @@ void E131Component::loop() {
       ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Ignored packet for %d universe of size %d.", universe, packet.count);
     }
   }
-#endif
 }
 
 void E131Component::add_effect(E131AddressableLightEffect *light_effect) {

esphome/components/e131/e131.h

@@ -46,6 +46,15 @@ class E131Component : public esphome::Component {
   void set_method(E131ListenMethod listen_method) { this->listen_method_ = listen_method; }
 
  protected:
+  inline ssize_t read_(uint8_t *buf, size_t len) {
+#if defined(USE_SOCKET_IMPL_BSD_SOCKETS) || defined(USE_SOCKET_IMPL_LWIP_SOCKETS)
+    return this->socket_->read(buf, len);
+#elif defined(USE_SOCKET_IMPL_LWIP_TCP)
+    if (!this->udp_.parsePacket())
+      return -1;
+    return this->udp_.read(buf, len);
+#endif
+  }
   bool packet_(const uint8_t *data, size_t len, int &universe, E131Packet &packet);
   bool process_(int universe, const E131Packet &packet);
   bool join_igmp_groups_();

esphome/components/emmeti/emmeti.cpp

@@ -153,10 +153,7 @@ void EmmetiClimate::reverse_add_(T val, size_t len, esphome::remote_base::Remote
 
 bool EmmetiClimate::check_checksum_(uint8_t checksum) {
   uint8_t expected = this->gen_checksum_();
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG,
-           "Expected checksum: %X\n"
-           "Checksum received: %X",
-           expected, checksum);
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Expected checksum: %X, Checksum received: %X", expected, checksum);
 
   return checksum == expected;
 }
@@ -266,10 +263,7 @@ bool EmmetiClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
     }
   }
 
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG,
-           "Swing: %d\n"
-           "Sleep: %d",
-           (curr_state.bitmap >> 1) & 0x01, (curr_state.bitmap >> 2) & 0x01);
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Swing: %d, Sleep: %d", (curr_state.bitmap >> 1) & 0x01, (curr_state.bitmap >> 2) & 0x01);
 
   for (size_t pos = 0; pos < 4; pos++) {
     if (data.expect_item(EMMETI_BIT_MARK, EMMETI_ONE_SPACE)) {
@@ -295,13 +289,8 @@ bool EmmetiClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
     }
   }
 
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG,
-           "Turbo: %d\n"
-           "Light: %d\n"
-           "Tree: %d\n"
-           "Blow: %d",
-           (curr_state.bitmap >> 3) & 0x01, (curr_state.bitmap >> 4) & 0x01, (curr_state.bitmap >> 5) & 0x01,
-           (curr_state.bitmap >> 6) & 0x01);
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Turbo: %d, Light: %d, Tree: %d, Blow: %d", (curr_state.bitmap >> 3) & 0x01,
+           (curr_state.bitmap >> 4) & 0x01, (curr_state.bitmap >> 5) & 0x01, (curr_state.bitmap >> 6) & 0x01);
 
   uint16_t control_data = 0;
   for (size_t pos = 0; pos < 11; pos++) {

esphome/components/ens160_base/ens160_base.cpp

@@ -152,12 +152,13 @@ void ENS160Component::update() {
 
   // verbose status logging
   ESP_LOGV(TAG,
-           "Status: ENS160 STATAS bit    0x%x\n"
-           "Status: ENS160 STATER bit    0x%x\n"
-           "Status: ENS160 VALIDITY FLAG 0x%02x\n"
-           "Status: ENS160 NEWDAT bit    0x%x\n"
-           "Status: ENS160 NEWGPR bit    0x%x",
-           (ENS160_DATA_STATUS_STATAS & (status_value)) == ENS160_DATA_STATUS_STATAS,
+           "ENS160 Status Register: 0x%02x\n"
+           "  STATAS bit    0x%x\n"
+           "  STATER bit    0x%x\n"
+           "  VALIDITY FLAG 0x%02x\n"
+           "  NEWDAT bit    0x%x\n"
+           "  NEWGPR bit    0x%x",
+           status_value, (ENS160_DATA_STATUS_STATAS & (status_value)) == ENS160_DATA_STATUS_STATAS,
            (ENS160_DATA_STATUS_STATER & (status_value)) == ENS160_DATA_STATUS_STATER,
            (ENS160_DATA_STATUS_VALIDITY & status_value) >> 2,
            (ENS160_DATA_STATUS_NEWDAT & (status_value)) == ENS160_DATA_STATUS_NEWDAT,

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi.h

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class EPaperBase : public Display,
   static uint8_t color_to_bit(Color color) {
     // It's always a shade of gray. Map to BLACK or WHITE.
     // We split the luminance at a suitable point
-    if ((static_cast<int>(color.r) + color.g + color.b) > 512) {
+    if ((color.r + color.g + color.b) >= 382) {
       return 1;
     }
     return 0;

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_weact_3c.cpp

@@ -5,9 +5,24 @@ namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
 
 static constexpr const char *const TAG = "epaper_weact_3c";
 
+enum class BwrState : uint8_t {
+  BWR_BLACK,
+  BWR_WHITE,
+  BWR_RED,
+};
+
+static BwrState color_to_bwr(Color color) {
+  if (color.r > color.g + color.b && color.r > 127) {
+    return BwrState::BWR_RED;
+  }
+  if (color.r + color.g + color.b >= 382) {
+    return BwrState::BWR_WHITE;
+  }
+  return BwrState::BWR_BLACK;
+}
 // SSD1680 3-color display notes:
 // - Buffer uses 1 bit per pixel, 8 pixels per byte
-// - Buffer first half (black_offset): Black/White plane (1=black, 0=white)
+// - Buffer first half (black_offset): Black/White plane (0=black, 1=white)
 // - Buffer second half (red_offset): Red plane (1=red, 0=no red)
 // - Total buffer: width * height / 4 bytes = 2 * (width * height / 8)
 // - For 128x296: 128*296/4 = 9472 bytes total (4736 per color)
@@ -23,20 +38,20 @@ void EPaperWeAct3C::draw_pixel_at(int x, int y, Color color) {
 
   // Use luminance threshold for B/W mapping
   // Split at halfway point (382 = (255*3)/2)
-  bool is_white = (static_cast<int>(color.r) + color.g + color.b) > 382;
+  auto bwr = color_to_bwr(color);
 
   // Update black/white plane (first half of buffer)
-  if (is_white) {
-    // White pixel - clear bit in black plane
-    this->buffer_[pos] &= ~bit;
-  } else {
-    // Black pixel - set bit in black plane
+  if (bwr == BwrState::BWR_WHITE) {
+    // White pixel - set bit in black plane
     this->buffer_[pos] |= bit;
+  } else {
+    // Black pixel - clear bit in black plane
+    this->buffer_[pos] &= ~bit;
   }
 
   // Update red plane (second half of buffer)
   // Red if red component is dominant (r > g+b)
-  if (color.r > color.g + color.b) {
+  if (bwr == BwrState::BWR_RED) {
     // Red pixel - set bit in red plane
     this->buffer_[red_offset + pos] |= bit;
   } else {
@@ -53,21 +68,20 @@ void EPaperWeAct3C::fill(Color color) {
   const size_t half_buffer = this->buffer_length_ / 2u;
 
   // Use luminance threshold for B/W mapping
-  bool is_white = (static_cast<int>(color.r) + color.g + color.b) > 382;
-  bool is_red = color.r > color.g + color.b;
+  auto bits = color_to_bwr(color);
 
   // Fill both planes
-  if (is_white) {
-    // White - both planes = 0x00
+  if (bits == BwrState::BWR_BLACK) {
+    // Black - both planes = 0x00
     this->buffer_.fill(0x00);
-  } else if (is_red) {
+  } else if (bits == BwrState::BWR_RED) {
     // Red - black plane = 0x00, red plane = 0xFF
     for (size_t i = 0; i < half_buffer; i++)
       this->buffer_[i] = 0x00;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < half_buffer; i++)
       this->buffer_[half_buffer + i] = 0xFF;
   } else {
-    // Black - black plane = 0xFF, red plane = 0x00
+    // White - black plane = 0xFF, red plane = 0x00
     for (size_t i = 0; i < half_buffer; i++)
       this->buffer_[i] = 0xFF;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < half_buffer; i++)
@@ -112,7 +126,6 @@ bool HOT EPaperWeAct3C::transfer_data() {
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "transfer_data: buffer_length=%u, half_buffer=%u", buffer_length, half_buffer);
 
   // Use a local buffer for SPI transfers
-  static constexpr size_t MAX_TRANSFER_SIZE = 128;
   uint8_t bytes_to_send[MAX_TRANSFER_SIZE];
 
   // First, send the RED buffer (0x26 = WRITE_COLOR)

esphome/components/es8388/es8388.cpp

@@ -209,9 +209,10 @@ bool ES8388::set_dac_output(DacOutputLine line) {
   };
 
   ESP_LOGV(TAG,
-           "Setting ES8388_DACPOWER to 0x%02X\n"
-           "Setting ES8388_DACCONTROL24 / ES8388_DACCONTROL25 to 0x%02X\n"
-           "Setting ES8388_DACCONTROL26 / ES8388_DACCONTROL27  to 0x%02X",
+           "DAC output config:\n"
+           "  DACPOWER: 0x%02X\n"
+           "  DACCONTROL24/25: 0x%02X\n"
+           "  DACCONTROL26/27: 0x%02X",
            dac_power, reg_out1, reg_out2);
 
   ES8388_ERROR_CHECK(this->write_byte(ES8388_DACCONTROL24, reg_out1));  // LOUT1VOL

esphome/components/esp32/__init__.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_BOARD,
     CONF_COMPONENTS,
     CONF_DISABLED,
+    CONF_ENABLE_OTA_ROLLBACK,
     CONF_ESPHOME,
     CONF_FRAMEWORK,
     CONF_IGNORE_EFUSE_CUSTOM_MAC,
@@ -87,9 +88,9 @@ IS_TARGET_PLATFORM = True
 CONF_ASSERTION_LEVEL = "assertion_level"
 CONF_COMPILER_OPTIMIZATION = "compiler_optimization"
 CONF_ENABLE_IDF_EXPERIMENTAL_FEATURES = "enable_idf_experimental_features"
+CONF_ENGINEERING_SAMPLE = "engineering_sample"
 CONF_INCLUDE_BUILTIN_IDF_COMPONENTS = "include_builtin_idf_components"
 CONF_ENABLE_LWIP_ASSERT = "enable_lwip_assert"
-CONF_ENABLE_OTA_ROLLBACK = "enable_ota_rollback"
 CONF_EXECUTE_FROM_PSRAM = "execute_from_psram"
 CONF_MINIMUM_CHIP_REVISION = "minimum_chip_revision"
 CONF_RELEASE = "release"
@@ -587,16 +588,22 @@ def _format_framework_arduino_version(ver: cv.Version) -> str:
     return f"{ARDUINO_FRAMEWORK_PKG}@https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/releases/download/{ver}/{filename}"
 
 
-def _format_framework_espidf_version(ver: cv.Version, release: str) -> str:
+def _format_framework_espidf_version(
+    ver: cv.Version, release: str | None = None
+) -> str:
     # format the given espidf (https://github.com/pioarduino/esp-idf/releases) version to
     # a PIO platformio/framework-espidf value
     if ver == cv.Version(5, 4, 3) or ver >= cv.Version(5, 5, 1):
         ext = "tar.xz"
     else:
         ext = "zip"
+    # Build version string with dot-separated extra (e.g., "5.5.3.1" not "5.5.3-1")
+    ver_str = f"{ver.major}.{ver.minor}.{ver.patch}"
+    if ver.extra:
+        ver_str += f".{ver.extra}"
     if release:
-        return f"pioarduino/framework-espidf@https://github.com/pioarduino/esp-idf/releases/download/v{str(ver)}.{release}/esp-idf-v{str(ver)}.{ext}"
-    return f"pioarduino/framework-espidf@https://github.com/pioarduino/esp-idf/releases/download/v{str(ver)}/esp-idf-v{str(ver)}.{ext}"
+        return f"pioarduino/framework-espidf@https://github.com/pioarduino/esp-idf/releases/download/v{ver_str}.{release}/esp-idf-v{ver_str}.{ext}"
+    return f"pioarduino/framework-espidf@https://github.com/pioarduino/esp-idf/releases/download/v{ver_str}/esp-idf-v{ver_str}.{ext}"
 
 
 def _is_framework_url(source: str) -> bool:
@@ -643,7 +650,7 @@ ARDUINO_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
 # These versions correspond to pioarduino/esp-idf releases
 # See: https://github.com/pioarduino/esp-idf/releases
 ARDUINO_IDF_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
-    cv.Version(3, 3, 7): cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
+    cv.Version(3, 3, 7): cv.Version(5, 5, 3, "1"),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 6): cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 5): cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 4): cv.Version(5, 5, 1),
@@ -662,11 +669,13 @@ ARDUINO_IDF_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
 # The default/recommended esp-idf framework version
 #  - https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/releases
 ESP_IDF_FRAMEWORK_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
-    "recommended": cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
-    "latest": cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
-    "dev": cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
+    "recommended": cv.Version(5, 5, 3, "1"),
+    "latest": cv.Version(5, 5, 3, "1"),
+    "dev": cv.Version(5, 5, 3, "1"),
 }
 ESP_IDF_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
+    cv.Version(5, 5, 3, "1"): cv.Version(55, 3, 37),
+    cv.Version(5, 5, 3): cv.Version(55, 3, 37),
     cv.Version(5, 5, 2): cv.Version(55, 3, 37),
     cv.Version(5, 5, 1): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
     cv.Version(5, 5, 0): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
@@ -729,7 +738,7 @@ def _check_versions(config):
         platform_lookup = ESP_IDF_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP.get(version)
         value[CONF_SOURCE] = value.get(
             CONF_SOURCE,
-            _format_framework_espidf_version(version, value.get(CONF_RELEASE, None)),
+            _format_framework_espidf_version(version, value.get(CONF_RELEASE)),
         )
         if _is_framework_url(value[CONF_SOURCE]):
             value[CONF_SOURCE] = f"pioarduino/framework-espidf@{value[CONF_SOURCE]}"
@@ -777,6 +786,15 @@ def _detect_variant(value):
         # variant has already been validated against the known set
         value = value.copy()
         value[CONF_BOARD] = STANDARD_BOARDS[variant]
+        if variant == VARIANT_ESP32P4:
+            engineering_sample = value.get(CONF_ENGINEERING_SAMPLE)
+            if engineering_sample is None:
+                _LOGGER.warning(
+                    "No board specified for ESP32-P4. Defaulting to production silicon (rev3). "
+                    "If you have an early engineering sample (pre-rev3), set 'engineering_sample: true'."
+                )
+            elif engineering_sample:
+                value[CONF_BOARD] = "esp32-p4-evboard"
     elif board in BOARDS:
         variant = variant or BOARDS[board][KEY_VARIANT]
         if variant != BOARDS[board][KEY_VARIANT]:
@@ -840,6 +858,30 @@ def final_validate(config):
                 path=[CONF_FRAMEWORK, CONF_ADVANCED, CONF_MINIMUM_CHIP_REVISION],
             )
         )
+    if (
+        config[CONF_VARIANT] != VARIANT_ESP32P4
+        and config.get(CONF_ENGINEERING_SAMPLE) is not None
+    ):
+        errs.append(
+            cv.Invalid(
+                f"'{CONF_ENGINEERING_SAMPLE}' is only supported on {VARIANT_ESP32P4}",
+                path=[CONF_ENGINEERING_SAMPLE],
+            )
+        )
+    if (
+        config[CONF_VARIANT] == VARIANT_ESP32P4
+        and config.get(CONF_ENGINEERING_SAMPLE) is not None
+    ):
+        board_is_es = BOARDS.get(config[CONF_BOARD], {}).get(
+            "engineering_sample", False
+        )
+        if config[CONF_ENGINEERING_SAMPLE] != board_is_es:
+            errs.append(
+                cv.Invalid(
+                    f"'{CONF_ENGINEERING_SAMPLE}' does not match board '{config[CONF_BOARD]}'",
+                    path=[CONF_ENGINEERING_SAMPLE],
+                )
+            )
     if advanced[CONF_EXECUTE_FROM_PSRAM]:
         if config[CONF_VARIANT] != VARIANT_ESP32S3:
             errs.append(
@@ -1189,6 +1231,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
             cv.Optional(CONF_CPU_FREQUENCY): cv.one_of(
                 *FULL_CPU_FREQUENCIES, upper=True
             ),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_ENGINEERING_SAMPLE): cv.boolean,
             cv.Optional(CONF_FLASH_SIZE, default="4MB"): cv.one_of(
                 *FLASH_SIZES, upper=True
             ),
@@ -1215,21 +1258,15 @@ def _configure_lwip_max_sockets(conf: dict) -> None:
     This function runs in to_code() after all components have registered their socket needs.
     User-provided sdkconfig_options take precedence.
     """
-    from esphome.components.socket import KEY_SOCKET_CONSUMERS
+    from esphome.components.socket import get_socket_counts
 
     # Check if user manually specified CONFIG_LWIP_MAX_SOCKETS
     user_max_sockets = conf[CONF_SDKCONFIG_OPTIONS].get("CONFIG_LWIP_MAX_SOCKETS")
 
-    socket_consumers: dict[str, int] = CORE.data.get(KEY_SOCKET_CONSUMERS, {})
-    total_sockets = sum(socket_consumers.values())
-
-    # Early return if no sockets registered and no user override
-    if total_sockets == 0 and user_max_sockets is None:
-        return
-
-    components_list = ", ".join(
-        f"{name}={count}" for name, count in sorted(socket_consumers.items())
-    )
+    # CONFIG_LWIP_MAX_SOCKETS is a single VFS socket pool shared by all socket
+    # types (TCP clients, TCP listeners, and UDP). Include all three counts.
+    sc = get_socket_counts()
+    total_sockets = sc.tcp + sc.udp + sc.tcp_listen
 
     # User specified their own value - respect it but warn if insufficient
     if user_max_sockets is not None:
@@ -1238,22 +1275,23 @@ def _configure_lwip_max_sockets(conf: dict) -> None:
             user_max_sockets,
         )
 
-        # Warn if user's value is less than what components need
-        if total_sockets > 0:
-            user_sockets_int = 0
-            with contextlib.suppress(ValueError, TypeError):
-                user_sockets_int = int(user_max_sockets)
+        user_sockets_int = 0
+        with contextlib.suppress(ValueError, TypeError):
+            user_sockets_int = int(user_max_sockets)
 
-            if user_sockets_int < total_sockets:
-                _LOGGER.warning(
-                    "CONFIG_LWIP_MAX_SOCKETS is set to %d but your configuration "
-                    "needs %d sockets (registered: %s). You may experience socket "
-                    "exhaustion errors. Consider increasing to at least %d.",
-                    user_sockets_int,
-                    total_sockets,
-                    components_list,
-                    total_sockets,
-                )
+        if user_sockets_int < total_sockets:
+            _LOGGER.warning(
+                "CONFIG_LWIP_MAX_SOCKETS is set to %d but your configuration "
+                "needs %d sockets (%d TCP + %d UDP + %d TCP_LISTEN). You may "
+                "experience socket exhaustion errors. Consider increasing to "
+                "at least %d.",
+                user_sockets_int,
+                total_sockets,
+                sc.tcp,
+                sc.udp,
+                sc.tcp_listen,
+                total_sockets,
+            )
         # User's value already added via sdkconfig_options processing
         return
 
@@ -1262,11 +1300,19 @@ def _configure_lwip_max_sockets(conf: dict) -> None:
     max_sockets = max(DEFAULT_MAX_SOCKETS, total_sockets)
 
     log_level = logging.INFO if max_sockets > DEFAULT_MAX_SOCKETS else logging.DEBUG
+    sock_min = " (min)" if max_sockets > total_sockets else ""
     _LOGGER.log(
         log_level,
-        "Setting CONFIG_LWIP_MAX_SOCKETS to %d (registered: %s)",
+        "Setting CONFIG_LWIP_MAX_SOCKETS to %d%s "
+        "(TCP=%d [%s], UDP=%d [%s], TCP_LISTEN=%d [%s])",
         max_sockets,
-        components_list,
+        sock_min,
+        sc.tcp,
+        sc.tcp_details,
+        sc.udp,
+        sc.udp_details,
+        sc.tcp_listen,
+        sc.tcp_listen_details,
     )
 
     add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_LWIP_MAX_SOCKETS", max_sockets)
@@ -1427,7 +1473,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
             if (idf_ver := ARDUINO_IDF_VERSION_LOOKUP.get(framework_ver)) is not None:
                 cg.add_platformio_option(
                     "platform_packages",
-                    [_format_framework_espidf_version(idf_ver, None)],
+                    [_format_framework_espidf_version(idf_ver)],
                 )
                 # Use stub package to skip downloading precompiled libs
                 stubs_dir = CORE.relative_build_path("arduino_libs_stub")
@@ -1471,6 +1517,16 @@ async def to_code(config):
         f"CONFIG_ESPTOOLPY_FLASHSIZE_{config[CONF_FLASH_SIZE]}", True
     )
 
+    # ESP32-P4: ESP-IDF 5.5.3 changed the default of ESP32P4_SELECTS_REV_LESS_V3
+    # from y to n. PlatformIO uses sections.ld.in (for rev <3) or
+    # sections.rev3.ld.in (for rev >=3) based on board definition.
+    # Set the sdkconfig option to match the board's chip revision.
+    if variant == VARIANT_ESP32P4:
+        is_eng_sample = BOARDS.get(config[CONF_BOARD], {}).get(
+            "engineering_sample", False
+        )
+        add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_ESP32P4_SELECTS_REV_LESS_V3", is_eng_sample)
+
     # Set minimum chip revision for ESP32 variant
     # Setting this to 3.0 or higher reduces flash size by excluding workaround code,
     # and for PSRAM users saves significant IRAM by keeping C library functions in ROM.

esphome/components/esp32/boards.py

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ STANDARD_BOARDS = {
     VARIANT_ESP32C6: "esp32-c6-devkitm-1",
     VARIANT_ESP32C61: "esp32-c61-devkitc1-n8r2",
     VARIANT_ESP32H2: "esp32-h2-devkitm-1",
-    VARIANT_ESP32P4: "esp32-p4-evboard",
+    VARIANT_ESP32P4: "esp32-p4_r3-evboard",
     VARIANT_ESP32S2: "esp32-s2-kaluga-1",
     VARIANT_ESP32S3: "esp32-s3-devkitc-1",
 }
@@ -1713,10 +1713,12 @@ BOARDS = {
     "esp32-p4": {
         "name": "Espressif ESP32-P4 ES (pre rev.300) generic",
         "variant": VARIANT_ESP32P4,
+        "engineering_sample": True,
     },
     "esp32-p4-evboard": {
         "name": "Espressif ESP32-P4 Function EV Board (ES pre rev.300)",
         "variant": VARIANT_ESP32P4,
+        "engineering_sample": True,
     },
     "esp32-p4_r3": {
         "name": "Espressif ESP32-P4 rev.300 generic",
@@ -2141,6 +2143,7 @@ BOARDS = {
     "m5stack-tab5-p4": {
         "name": "M5STACK Tab5 esp32-p4 Board (ES pre rev.300)",
         "variant": VARIANT_ESP32P4,
+        "engineering_sample": True,
     },
     "m5stack-timer-cam": {
         "name": "M5Stack Timer CAM",

esphome/components/esp32_ble/__init__.py

@@ -413,16 +413,16 @@ def final_validation(config):
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_ESP_HOSTED_ENABLE_BT_BLUEDROID", True)
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_ESP_HOSTED_BLUEDROID_HCI_VHCI", True)
 
-    # Check if BLE Server is needed
-    has_ble_server = "esp32_ble_server" in full_config
-
     # Check if BLE Client is needed (via esp32_ble_tracker or esp32_ble_client)
     has_ble_client = (
         "esp32_ble_tracker" in full_config or "esp32_ble_client" in full_config
     )
 
+    # Check if BLE Server is needed
+    has_ble_server = "esp32_ble_server" in full_config
+
     # ESP-IDF BLE stack requires GATT Server to be enabled when GATT Client is enabled
-    # This is an internal dependency in the Bluedroid stack (tested ESP-IDF 5.4.2-5.5.1)
+    # This is an internal dependency in the Bluedroid stack
     # See: https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/issues/17724
     add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_BT_GATTS_ENABLE", has_ble_server or has_ble_client)
     add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_BT_GATTC_ENABLE", has_ble_client)

esphome/components/esp32_ble_client/ble_client_base.cpp

@@ -423,10 +423,8 @@ bool BLEClientBase::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_
         for (auto &svc : this->services_) {
           char uuid_buf[espbt::UUID_STR_LEN];
           svc->uuid.to_str(uuid_buf);
-          ESP_LOGV(TAG,
-                   "[%d] [%s] Service UUID: %s\n"
-                   "[%d] [%s]  start_handle: 0x%x  end_handle: 0x%x",
-                   this->connection_index_, this->address_str_, uuid_buf, this->connection_index_, this->address_str_,
+          ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%d] [%s] Service UUID: %s", this->connection_index_, this->address_str_, uuid_buf);
+          ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%d] [%s]  start_handle: 0x%x  end_handle: 0x%x", this->connection_index_, this->address_str_,
                    svc->start_handle, svc->end_handle);
         }
 #endif

esphome/components/esp32_camera_web_server/__init__.py

@@ -20,8 +20,10 @@ def _consume_camera_web_server_sockets(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
     from esphome.components import socket
 
     # Each camera web server instance needs 1 listening socket + 2 client connections
-    sockets_needed = 3
-    socket.consume_sockets(sockets_needed, "esp32_camera_web_server")(config)
+    socket.consume_sockets(2, "esp32_camera_web_server")(config)
+    socket.consume_sockets(1, "esp32_camera_web_server", socket.SocketType.TCP_LISTEN)(
+        config
+    )
     return config
 
 

esphome/components/esp32_hosted/update/esp32_hosted_update.cpp

@@ -106,11 +106,12 @@ void Esp32HostedUpdate::setup() {
     esp_app_desc_t *app_desc = (esp_app_desc_t *) (this->firmware_data_ + app_desc_offset);
     if (app_desc->magic_word == ESP_APP_DESC_MAGIC_WORD) {
       ESP_LOGD(TAG,
-               "Firmware version: %s\n"
-               "Project name: %s\n"
-               "Build date: %s\n"
-               "Build time: %s\n"
-               "IDF version: %s",
+               "ESP32 Hosted firmware:\n"
+               "  Firmware version: %s\n"
+               "  Project name: %s\n"
+               "  Build date: %s\n"
+               "  Build time: %s\n"
+               "  IDF version: %s",
                app_desc->version, app_desc->project_name, app_desc->date, app_desc->time, app_desc->idf_ver);
       this->update_info_.latest_version = app_desc->version;
       if (this->update_info_.latest_version != this->update_info_.current_version) {

esphome/components/esp8266/gpio.py

@@ -202,11 +202,11 @@ async def add_pin_initial_states_array():
 
     cg.add_global(
         cg.RawExpression(
-            f"const uint8_t ESPHOME_ESP8266_GPIO_INITIAL_MODE[16] PROGMEM = {{{initial_modes_s}}}"
+            f"constexpr uint8_t ESPHOME_ESP8266_GPIO_INITIAL_MODE[16] PROGMEM = {{{initial_modes_s}}}"
         )
     )
     cg.add_global(
         cg.RawExpression(
-            f"const uint8_t ESPHOME_ESP8266_GPIO_INITIAL_LEVEL[16] PROGMEM = {{{initial_levels_s}}}"
+            f"constexpr uint8_t ESPHOME_ESP8266_GPIO_INITIAL_LEVEL[16] PROGMEM = {{{initial_levels_s}}}"
         )
     )

esphome/components/esphome/ota/__init__.py

@@ -97,8 +97,9 @@ def _consume_ota_sockets(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
     """Register socket needs for OTA component."""
     from esphome.components import socket
 
-    # OTA needs 1 listening socket (client connections are temporary during updates)
-    socket.consume_sockets(1, "ota")(config)
+    # OTA needs 1 listening socket. The active transfer connection during an update
+    # uses a TCP PCB from the general pool, covered by MIN_TCP_SOCKETS headroom.
+    socket.consume_sockets(1, "ota", socket.SocketType.TCP_LISTEN)(config)
     return config
 
 

esphome/components/esphome/ota/ota_esphome.cpp

@@ -28,10 +28,9 @@ static constexpr uint32_t OTA_SOCKET_TIMEOUT_HANDSHAKE = 20000;  // milliseconds
 static constexpr uint32_t OTA_SOCKET_TIMEOUT_DATA = 90000;       // milliseconds for data transfer
 
 void ESPHomeOTAComponent::setup() {
-  this->server_ = socket::socket_ip_loop_monitored(SOCK_STREAM, 0);  // monitored for incoming connections
+  this->server_ = socket::socket_ip_loop_monitored(SOCK_STREAM, 0).release();  // monitored for incoming connections
   if (this->server_ == nullptr) {
-    this->log_socket_error_(LOG_STR("creation"));
-    this->mark_failed();
+    this->server_failed_(LOG_STR("creation"));
     return;
   }
   int enable = 1;
@@ -42,8 +41,7 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::setup() {
   }
   err = this->server_->setblocking(false);
   if (err != 0) {
-    this->log_socket_error_(LOG_STR("non-blocking"));
-    this->mark_failed();
+    this->server_failed_(LOG_STR("nonblocking"));
     return;
   }
 
@@ -51,22 +49,19 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::setup() {
 
   socklen_t sl = socket::set_sockaddr_any((struct sockaddr *) &server, sizeof(server), this->port_);
   if (sl == 0) {
-    this->log_socket_error_(LOG_STR("set sockaddr"));
-    this->mark_failed();
+    this->server_failed_(LOG_STR("set sockaddr"));
     return;
   }
 
   err = this->server_->bind((struct sockaddr *) &server, sizeof(server));
   if (err != 0) {
-    this->log_socket_error_(LOG_STR("bind"));
-    this->mark_failed();
+    this->server_failed_(LOG_STR("bind"));
     return;
   }
 
   err = this->server_->listen(1);  // Only one client at a time
   if (err != 0) {
-    this->log_socket_error_(LOG_STR("listen"));
-    this->mark_failed();
+    this->server_failed_(LOG_STR("listen"));
     return;
   }
 }
@@ -455,6 +450,15 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::log_remote_closed_(const LogString *during) {
   ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Remote closed at %s", LOG_STR_ARG(during));
 }
 
+void ESPHomeOTAComponent::server_failed_(const LogString *msg) {
+  this->log_socket_error_(msg);
+  // No explicit close() needed — listen sockets have no active connections on
+  // failure/shutdown. Destructor handles fd cleanup (close or abort per platform).
+  delete this->server_;
+  this->server_ = nullptr;
+  this->mark_failed();
+}
+
 bool ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_read_error_(ssize_t read, const LogString *desc) {
   if (read == -1 && this->would_block_(errno)) {
     return false;  // No data yet, try again next loop

esphome/components/esphome/ota/ota_esphome.h

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ class ESPHomeOTAComponent : public ota::OTAComponent {
     this->handshake_buf_pos_ = 0;  // Reset buffer position for next state
   }
 
+  void server_failed_(const LogString *msg);
   void log_socket_error_(const LogString *msg);
   void log_read_error_(const LogString *what);
   void log_start_(const LogString *phase);
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ class ESPHomeOTAComponent : public ota::OTAComponent {
   std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> auth_buf_;
 #endif  // USE_OTA_PASSWORD
 
-  std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> server_;
+  socket::Socket *server_{nullptr};
   std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> client_;
   std::unique_ptr<ota::OTABackend> backend_;
 

esphome/components/espnow/packet_transport/espnow_transport.cpp

@@ -21,11 +21,9 @@ void ESPNowTransport::setup() {
     return;
   }
 
-  ESP_LOGI(TAG,
-           "Registering ESP-NOW handlers\n"
-           "Peer address: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X",
-           this->peer_address_[0], this->peer_address_[1], this->peer_address_[2], this->peer_address_[3],
-           this->peer_address_[4], this->peer_address_[5]);
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Registering ESP-NOW handlers, peer: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X", this->peer_address_[0],
+           this->peer_address_[1], this->peer_address_[2], this->peer_address_[3], this->peer_address_[4],
+           this->peer_address_[5]);
 
   // Register received handler
   this->parent_->register_received_handler(this);

esphome/components/ethernet/ethernet_component.cpp

@@ -866,10 +866,7 @@ void EthernetComponent::write_phy_register_(esp_eth_mac_t *mac, PHYRegister regi
   }
 #endif
 
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG,
-           "Writing to PHY Register Address: 0x%02" PRIX32 "\n"
-           "Writing to PHY Register Value: 0x%04" PRIX32,
-           register_data.address, register_data.value);
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Writing PHY reg 0x%02" PRIX32 " = 0x%04" PRIX32, register_data.address, register_data.value);
   err = mac->write_phy_reg(mac, this->phy_addr_, register_data.address, register_data.value);
   ESPHL_ERROR_CHECK(err, "Writing PHY Register failed");
 

esphome/components/ezo_pmp/ezo_pmp.cpp

@@ -150,9 +150,9 @@ void EzoPMP::read_command_result_() {
     if (current_char == '\0') {
       ESP_LOGV(TAG,
                "Read Response from device: %s\n"
-               "First Component: %s\n"
-               "Second Component: %s\n"
-               "Third Component: %s",
+               "  First Component: %s\n"
+               "  Second Component: %s\n"
+               "  Third Component: %s",
                (char *) response_buffer, (char *) first_parameter_buffer, (char *) second_parameter_buffer,
                (char *) third_parameter_buffer);
 

esphome/components/gcja5/gcja5.cpp

@@ -97,10 +97,10 @@ void GCJA5Component::parse_data_() {
 
     ESP_LOGI(TAG,
              "GCJA5 Status\n"
-             "Overall Status : %i\n"
-             "PD Status      : %i\n"
-             "LD Status      : %i\n"
-             "Fan Status     : %i",
+             "  Overall Status : %i\n"
+             "  PD Status      : %i\n"
+             "  LD Status      : %i\n"
+             "  Fan Status     : %i",
              (status >> 6) & 0x03, (status >> 4) & 0x03, (status >> 2) & 0x03, (status >> 0) & 0x03);
   }
 }

esphome/components/graphical_display_menu/graphical_display_menu.cpp

@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@ void GraphicalDisplayMenu::setup() {
 void GraphicalDisplayMenu::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                 "Graphical Display Menu\n"
-                "Has Display: %s\n"
-                "Popup Mode: %s\n"
-                "Advanced Drawing Mode: %s\n"
-                "Has Font: %s\n"
-                "Mode: %s\n"
-                "Active: %s\n"
-                "Menu items:",
+                "  Has Display: %s\n"
+                "  Popup Mode: %s\n"
+                "  Advanced Drawing Mode: %s\n"
+                "  Has Font: %s\n"
+                "  Mode: %s\n"
+                "  Active: %s\n"
+                "  Menu items:",
                 YESNO(this->display_ != nullptr), YESNO(this->display_ != nullptr), YESNO(this->display_ == nullptr),
                 YESNO(this->font_ != nullptr),
                 this->mode_ == display_menu_base::MENU_MODE_ROTARY ? "Rotary" : "Joystick", YESNO(this->active_));

esphome/components/haier/hon_climate.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <chrono>
+#include <queue>
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
 #include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
 #endif
@@ -29,10 +30,10 @@ enum class CleaningState : uint8_t {
 enum class HonControlMethod { MONITOR_ONLY = 0, SET_GROUP_PARAMETERS, SET_SINGLE_PARAMETER };
 
 struct HonSettings {
-  hon_protocol::VerticalSwingMode last_vertiacal_swing;
-  hon_protocol::HorizontalSwingMode last_horizontal_swing;
-  bool beeper_state;
-  bool quiet_mode_state;
+  hon_protocol::VerticalSwingMode last_vertiacal_swing{hon_protocol::VerticalSwingMode::CENTER};
+  hon_protocol::HorizontalSwingMode last_horizontal_swing{hon_protocol::HorizontalSwingMode::CENTER};
+  bool beeper_state{true};
+  bool quiet_mode_state{false};
 };
 
 class HonClimate : public HaierClimateBase {
@@ -189,7 +190,7 @@ class HonClimate : public HaierClimateBase {
   int big_data_sensors_{0};
   esphome::optional<hon_protocol::VerticalSwingMode> current_vertical_swing_{};
   esphome::optional<hon_protocol::HorizontalSwingMode> current_horizontal_swing_{};
-  HonSettings settings_;
+  HonSettings settings_{};
   ESPPreferenceObject hon_rtc_;
   SwitchState quiet_mode_state_{SwitchState::OFF};
 };

esphome/components/hdc302x/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+CODEOWNERS = ["@joshuasing"]

esphome/components/hdc302x/hdc302x.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+#include "hdc302x.h"
+
+#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+
+namespace esphome::hdc302x {
+
+static const char *const TAG = "hdc302x.sensor";
+
+// Commands (per datasheet Table 7-4)
+static const uint8_t HDC302X_CMD_SOFT_RESET[2] = {0x30, 0xa2};
+static const uint8_t HDC302X_CMD_CLEAR_STATUS_REGISTER[2] = {0x30, 0x41};
+
+static const uint8_t HDC302X_CMD_TRIGGER_MSB = 0x24;
+
+static const uint8_t HDC302X_CMD_HEATER_ENABLE[2] = {0x30, 0x6d};
+static const uint8_t HDC302X_CMD_HEATER_DISABLE[2] = {0x30, 0x66};
+static const uint8_t HDC302X_CMD_HEATER_CONFIGURE[2] = {0x30, 0x6e};
+
+void HDC302XComponent::setup() {
+  // Soft reset the device
+  if (this->write(HDC302X_CMD_SOFT_RESET, 2) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+    this->mark_failed(LOG_STR("Soft reset failed"));
+    return;
+  }
+  // Delay SensorRR (reset ready), per datasheet, 6.5.
+  delay(3);
+
+  // Clear status register
+  if (this->write(HDC302X_CMD_CLEAR_STATUS_REGISTER, 2) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+    this->mark_failed(LOG_STR("Clear status failed"));
+    return;
+  }
+}
+
+void HDC302XComponent::dump_config() {
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
+                "HDC302x:\n"
+                "  Heater: %s",
+                this->heater_active_ ? "active" : "inactive");
+  LOG_I2C_DEVICE(this);
+  LOG_UPDATE_INTERVAL(this);
+  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Temperature", this->temp_sensor_);
+  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Humidity", this->humidity_sensor_);
+}
+
+void HDC302XComponent::update() {
+  uint8_t cmd[] = {
+      HDC302X_CMD_TRIGGER_MSB,
+      this->power_mode_,
+  };
+  if (this->write(cmd, 2) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+    this->status_set_warning(LOG_STR(ESP_LOG_MSG_COMM_FAIL));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Read data after ADC conversion has completed
+  this->set_timeout(this->conversion_delay_ms_(), [this]() { this->read_data_(); });
+}
+
+void HDC302XComponent::start_heater(uint16_t power, uint32_t duration_ms) {
+  if (!this->disable_heater_()) {
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Heater disable before start failed");
+  }
+  if (!this->configure_heater_(power) || !this->enable_heater_()) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Heater start failed");
+    return;
+  }
+  this->heater_active_ = true;
+  this->cancel_timeout("heater_off");
+  if (duration_ms > 0) {
+    this->set_timeout("heater_off", duration_ms, [this]() { this->stop_heater(); });
+  }
+}
+
+void HDC302XComponent::stop_heater() {
+  this->cancel_timeout("heater_off");
+  if (!this->disable_heater_()) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Heater stop failed");
+  }
+  this->heater_active_ = false;
+}
+
+bool HDC302XComponent::enable_heater_() {
+  if (this->write(HDC302X_CMD_HEATER_ENABLE, 2) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Enable heater failed");
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool HDC302XComponent::configure_heater_(uint16_t power_level) {
+  if (power_level > 0x3fff) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Heater power 0x%04x exceeds max 0x3fff", power_level);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Heater current level config.
+  uint8_t config[] = {
+      static_cast<uint8_t>((power_level >> 8) & 0xff),  // MSB
+      static_cast<uint8_t>(power_level & 0xff)          // LSB
+  };
+
+  // Configure level of heater current (per datasheet 7.5.7.8).
+  uint8_t cmd[] = {
+      HDC302X_CMD_HEATER_CONFIGURE[0],   HDC302X_CMD_HEATER_CONFIGURE[1], config[0], config[1],
+      crc8(config, 2, 0xff, 0x31, true),
+  };
+  if (this->write(cmd, sizeof(cmd)) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Configure heater failed");
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool HDC302XComponent::disable_heater_() {
+  if (this->write(HDC302X_CMD_HEATER_DISABLE, 2) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Disable heater failed");
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void HDC302XComponent::read_data_() {
+  uint8_t buf[6];
+  if (this->read(buf, 6) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+    this->status_set_warning(LOG_STR(ESP_LOG_MSG_COMM_FAIL));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Check checksums
+  if (crc8(buf, 2, 0xff, 0x31, true) != buf[2] || crc8(buf + 3, 2, 0xff, 0x31, true) != buf[5]) {
+    this->status_set_warning(LOG_STR("Read data: invalid CRC"));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  this->status_clear_warning();
+
+  if (this->temp_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    uint16_t raw_t = encode_uint16(buf[0], buf[1]);
+    // Calculate temperature in Celsius per datasheet section 7.3.3.
+    float temp = -45 + 175 * (float(raw_t) / 65535.0f);
+    this->temp_sensor_->publish_state(temp);
+  }
+
+  if (this->humidity_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    uint16_t raw_rh = encode_uint16(buf[3], buf[4]);
+    // Calculate RH% per datasheet section 7.3.3.
+    float humidity = 100 * (float(raw_rh) / 65535.0f);
+    this->humidity_sensor_->publish_state(humidity);
+  }
+}
+
+uint32_t HDC302XComponent::conversion_delay_ms_() {
+  // ADC conversion delay per datasheet, Table 7-5. - Trigger on Demand
+  switch (this->power_mode_) {
+    case HDC302XPowerMode::BALANCED:
+      return 8;
+    case HDC302XPowerMode::LOW_POWER:
+      return 5;
+    case HDC302XPowerMode::ULTRA_LOW_POWER:
+      return 4;
+    case HDC302XPowerMode::HIGH_ACCURACY:
+    default:
+      return 13;
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::hdc302x

esphome/components/hdc302x/hdc302x.h

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#include "esphome/core/automation.h"
+#include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
+#include "esphome/components/i2c/i2c.h"
+
+namespace esphome::hdc302x {
+
+enum HDC302XPowerMode : uint8_t {
+  HIGH_ACCURACY = 0x00,
+  BALANCED = 0x0b,
+  LOW_POWER = 0x16,
+  ULTRA_LOW_POWER = 0xff,
+};
+
+/**
+ HDC302x Temperature and humidity sensor.
+
+ Datasheet:
+ https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/hdc3020.pdf
+ */
+class HDC302XComponent : public PollingComponent, public i2c::I2CDevice {
+ public:
+  void setup() override;
+  void dump_config() override;
+  void update() override;
+
+  void start_heater(uint16_t power, uint32_t duration_ms);
+  void stop_heater();
+
+  void set_temp_sensor(sensor::Sensor *temp_sensor) { this->temp_sensor_ = temp_sensor; }
+  void set_humidity_sensor(sensor::Sensor *humidity_sensor) { this->humidity_sensor_ = humidity_sensor; }
+
+  void set_power_mode(HDC302XPowerMode power_mode) { this->power_mode_ = power_mode; }
+
+ protected:
+  sensor::Sensor *temp_sensor_{nullptr};
+  sensor::Sensor *humidity_sensor_{nullptr};
+
+  HDC302XPowerMode power_mode_{HDC302XPowerMode::HIGH_ACCURACY};
+  bool heater_active_{false};
+
+  bool enable_heater_();
+  bool configure_heater_(uint16_t power_level);
+  bool disable_heater_();
+  void read_data_();
+  uint32_t conversion_delay_ms_();
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class HeaterOnAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<HDC302XComponent> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint16_t, power)
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint32_t, duration)
+
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+    auto power_val = this->power_.value(x...);
+    auto duration_val = this->duration_.value(x...);
+    this->parent_->start_heater(power_val, duration_val);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts> class HeaterOffAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<HDC302XComponent> {
+ public:
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->stop_heater(); }
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::hdc302x

esphome/components/hdc302x/sensor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+from esphome import automation
+from esphome.automation import maybe_simple_id
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import i2c, sensor
+import esphome.config_validation as cv
+from esphome.const import (
+    CONF_DURATION,
+    CONF_HUMIDITY,
+    CONF_ID,
+    CONF_POWER,
+    CONF_POWER_MODE,
+    CONF_TEMPERATURE,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_HUMIDITY,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
+    STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+    UNIT_CELSIUS,
+    UNIT_PERCENT,
+)
+
+DEPENDENCIES = ["i2c"]
+
+hdc302x_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("hdc302x")
+HDC302XComponent = hdc302x_ns.class_(
+    "HDC302XComponent", cg.PollingComponent, i2c.I2CDevice
+)
+
+HDC302XPowerMode = hdc302x_ns.enum("HDC302XPowerMode")
+POWER_MODE_OPTIONS = {
+    "HIGH_ACCURACY": HDC302XPowerMode.HIGH_ACCURACY,
+    "BALANCED": HDC302XPowerMode.BALANCED,
+    "LOW_POWER": HDC302XPowerMode.LOW_POWER,
+    "ULTRA_LOW_POWER": HDC302XPowerMode.ULTRA_LOW_POWER,
+}
+
+# Actions
+HeaterOnAction = hdc302x_ns.class_("HeaterOnAction", automation.Action)
+HeaterOffAction = hdc302x_ns.class_("HeaterOffAction", automation.Action)
+
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
+    cv.Schema(
+        {
+            cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(HDC302XComponent),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_TEMPERATURE): sensor.sensor_schema(
+                unit_of_measurement=UNIT_CELSIUS,
+                accuracy_decimals=2,
+                device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
+                state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+            ),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_HUMIDITY): sensor.sensor_schema(
+                unit_of_measurement=UNIT_PERCENT,
+                accuracy_decimals=2,
+                device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_HUMIDITY,
+                state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+            ),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_POWER_MODE, default="HIGH_ACCURACY"): cv.enum(
+                POWER_MODE_OPTIONS, upper=True
+            ),
+        }
+    )
+    .extend(cv.polling_component_schema("60s"))
+    .extend(i2c.i2c_device_schema(0x44))  # Default address per datasheet, Table 7-2.
+)
+
+
+async def to_code(config):
+    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
+    await cg.register_component(var, config)
+    await i2c.register_i2c_device(var, config)
+
+    if temp_config := config.get(CONF_TEMPERATURE):
+        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(temp_config)
+        cg.add(var.set_temp_sensor(sens))
+
+    if humidity_config := config.get(CONF_HUMIDITY):
+        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(humidity_config)
+        cg.add(var.set_humidity_sensor(sens))
+
+    cg.add(var.set_power_mode(config[CONF_POWER_MODE]))
+
+
+# HDC302x heater power configs, per datasheet Table 7-15.
+HDC302X_HEATER_POWER_MAP = {
+    "QUARTER": 0x009F,
+    "HALF": 0x03FF,
+    "FULL": 0x3FFF,
+}
+
+
+def heater_power_value(value):
+    """Accept enum names or raw uint16 values"""
+    if isinstance(value, cv.Lambda):
+        return value
+    if isinstance(value, str):
+        upper = value.upper()
+        if upper in HDC302X_HEATER_POWER_MAP:
+            return HDC302X_HEATER_POWER_MAP[upper]
+        raise cv.Invalid(
+            f"Unknown heater power preset: {value}. Use QUARTER, HALF, FULL, or a raw value 0-16383"
+        )
+    return cv.int_range(min=0, max=0x3FFF)(value)
+
+
+HDC302X_ACTION_SCHEMA = maybe_simple_id({cv.GenerateID(): cv.use_id(HDC302XComponent)})
+
+HDC302X_HEATER_ON_ACTION_SCHEMA = maybe_simple_id(
+    {
+        cv.GenerateID(): cv.use_id(HDC302XComponent),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_POWER, default="QUARTER"): cv.templatable(heater_power_value),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_DURATION, default="5s"): cv.templatable(
+            cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds
+        ),
+    }
+)
+
+
+@automation.register_action(
+    "hdc302x.heater_on", HeaterOnAction, HDC302X_HEATER_ON_ACTION_SCHEMA
+)
+async def hdc302x_heater_on_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, args):
+    var = cg.new_Pvariable(action_id, template_arg)
+    await cg.register_parented(var, config[CONF_ID])
+    template_ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_POWER], args, cg.uint16)
+    cg.add(var.set_power(template_))
+    template_ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_DURATION], args, cg.uint32)
+    cg.add(var.set_duration(template_))
+    return var
+
+
+@automation.register_action(
+    "hdc302x.heater_off", HeaterOffAction, HDC302X_ACTION_SCHEMA
+)
+async def hdc302x_heater_off_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, args):
+    var = cg.new_Pvariable(action_id, template_arg)
+    await cg.register_parented(var, config[CONF_ID])
+    return var

esphome/components/honeywellabp/honeywellabp.cpp

@@ -35,10 +35,7 @@ uint8_t HONEYWELLABPSensor::readsensor_() {
     pressure_count_ = ((uint16_t) (buf_[0]) << 8 & 0x3F00) | ((uint16_t) (buf_[1]) & 0xFF);
     // 11 - bit temperature is all of byte 2 (lowest 8 bits) and the first three bits of byte 3
     temperature_count_ = (((uint16_t) (buf_[2]) << 3) & 0x7F8) | (((uint16_t) (buf_[3]) >> 5) & 0x7);
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG,
-             "Sensor pressure_count_ %d\n"
-             "Sensor temperature_count_ %d",
-             pressure_count_, temperature_count_);
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Sensor pressure_count_ %d, temperature_count_ %d", pressure_count_, temperature_count_);
   }
   return status_;
 }

esphome/components/http_request/http_request.h

@@ -330,38 +330,72 @@ class HttpRequestComponent : public Component {
   void set_follow_redirects(bool follow_redirects) { this->follow_redirects_ = follow_redirects; }
   void set_redirect_limit(uint16_t limit) { this->redirect_limit_ = limit; }
 
-  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> get(const std::string &url) { return this->start(url, "GET", "", {}); }
-  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> get(const std::string &url, const std::list<Header> &request_headers) {
+  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> get(const std::string &url) {
+    return this->start(url, "GET", "", std::vector<Header>{});
+  }
+  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> get(const std::string &url, const std::vector<Header> &request_headers) {
     return this->start(url, "GET", "", request_headers);
   }
-  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> get(const std::string &url, const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> get(const std::string &url, const std::vector<Header> &request_headers,
                                      const std::vector<std::string> &lower_case_collect_headers) {
     return this->start(url, "GET", "", request_headers, lower_case_collect_headers);
   }
   std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> post(const std::string &url, const std::string &body) {
-    return this->start(url, "POST", body, {});
+    return this->start(url, "POST", body, std::vector<Header>{});
   }
   std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> post(const std::string &url, const std::string &body,
-                                      const std::list<Header> &request_headers) {
+                                      const std::vector<Header> &request_headers) {
     return this->start(url, "POST", body, request_headers);
   }
   std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> post(const std::string &url, const std::string &body,
-                                      const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                      const std::vector<Header> &request_headers,
                                       const std::vector<std::string> &lower_case_collect_headers) {
     return this->start(url, "POST", body, request_headers, lower_case_collect_headers);
   }
 
+  // Remove before 2027.1.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("Pass request_headers as std::vector<Header> instead of std::list. Removed in 2027.1.0.", "2026.7.0")
+  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> get(const std::string &url, const std::list<Header> &request_headers) {
+    return this->get(url, std::vector<Header>(request_headers.begin(), request_headers.end()));
+  }
+  // Remove before 2027.1.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("Pass request_headers as std::vector<Header> instead of std::list. Removed in 2027.1.0.", "2026.7.0")
+  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> get(const std::string &url, const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                     const std::vector<std::string> &collect_headers) {
+    return this->get(url, std::vector<Header>(request_headers.begin(), request_headers.end()), collect_headers);
+  }
+  // Remove before 2027.1.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("Pass request_headers as std::vector<Header> instead of std::list. Removed in 2027.1.0.", "2026.7.0")
+  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> post(const std::string &url, const std::string &body,
+                                      const std::list<Header> &request_headers) {
+    return this->post(url, body, std::vector<Header>(request_headers.begin(), request_headers.end()));
+  }
+  // Remove before 2027.1.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("Pass request_headers as std::vector<Header> instead of std::list. Removed in 2027.1.0.", "2026.7.0")
+  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> post(const std::string &url, const std::string &body,
+                                      const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                      const std::vector<std::string> &collect_headers) {
+    return this->post(url, body, std::vector<Header>(request_headers.begin(), request_headers.end()), collect_headers);
+  }
+
+  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> start(const std::string &url, const std::string &method, const std::string &body,
+                                       const std::vector<Header> &request_headers) {
+    // Call perform() directly to avoid ambiguity with the deprecated overloads
+    return this->perform(url, method, body, request_headers, {});
+  }
+
+  // Remove before 2027.1.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("Pass request_headers as std::vector<Header> instead of std::list. Removed in 2027.1.0.", "2026.7.0")
   std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> start(const std::string &url, const std::string &method, const std::string &body,
                                        const std::list<Header> &request_headers) {
-    // Call perform() directly to avoid ambiguity with the std::set overload
-    return this->perform(url, method, body, request_headers, {});
+    return this->start(url, method, body, std::vector<Header>(request_headers.begin(), request_headers.end()));
   }
 
   // Remove before 2027.1.0
   ESPDEPRECATED("Pass collect_headers as std::vector<std::string> instead of std::set. Removed in 2027.1.0.",
                 "2026.7.0")
   std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> start(const std::string &url, const std::string &method, const std::string &body,
-                                       const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                       const std::vector<Header> &request_headers,
                                        const std::set<std::string> &collect_headers) {
     std::vector<std::string> lower;
     lower.reserve(collect_headers.size());
@@ -371,15 +405,39 @@ class HttpRequestComponent : public Component {
     return this->perform(url, method, body, request_headers, lower);
   }
 
+  // Remove before 2027.1.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("Pass request_headers as std::vector<Header> instead of std::list, and collect_headers as "
+                "std::vector<std::string> instead of std::set. Removed in 2027.1.0.",
+                "2026.7.0")
   std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> start(const std::string &url, const std::string &method, const std::string &body,
                                        const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                       const std::set<std::string> &collect_headers) {
+    std::vector<std::string> lower;
+    lower.reserve(collect_headers.size());
+    for (const auto &h : collect_headers) {
+      lower.push_back(str_lower_case(h));
+    }
+    return this->perform(url, method, body, std::vector<Header>(request_headers.begin(), request_headers.end()), lower);
+  }
+
+  // Remove before 2027.1.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("Pass request_headers as std::vector<Header> instead of std::list. Removed in 2027.1.0.", "2026.7.0")
+  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> start(const std::string &url, const std::string &method, const std::string &body,
+                                       const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                       const std::vector<std::string> &lower_case_collect_headers) {
+    return this->perform(url, method, body, std::vector<Header>(request_headers.begin(), request_headers.end()),
+                         lower_case_collect_headers);
+  }
+
+  std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> start(const std::string &url, const std::string &method, const std::string &body,
+                                       const std::vector<Header> &request_headers,
                                        const std::vector<std::string> &lower_case_collect_headers) {
     return this->perform(url, method, body, request_headers, lower_case_collect_headers);
   }
 
  protected:
   virtual std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> perform(const std::string &url, const std::string &method,
-                                                 const std::string &body, const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                                 const std::string &body, const std::vector<Header> &request_headers,
                                                  const std::vector<std::string> &lower_case_collect_headers) = 0;
   const char *useragent_{nullptr};
   bool follow_redirects_{};
@@ -436,13 +494,10 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HttpRequestSendAction : public Action<Ts...> {
       auto f = std::bind(&HttpRequestSendAction<Ts...>::encode_json_func_, this, x..., std::placeholders::_1);
       body = json::build_json(f);
     }
-    std::list<Header> request_headers;
-    for (const auto &item : this->request_headers_) {
-      auto val = item.second;
-      Header header;
-      header.name = item.first;
-      header.value = val.value(x...);
-      request_headers.push_back(header);
+    std::vector<Header> request_headers;
+    request_headers.reserve(this->request_headers_.size());
+    for (const auto &[key, val] : this->request_headers_) {
+      request_headers.push_back({key, val.value(x...)});
     }
 
     auto container = this->parent_->start(this->url_.value(x...), this->method_.value(x...), body, request_headers,

esphome/components/http_request/http_request_arduino.cpp

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ static constexpr int ESP8266_SSL_ERR_OOM = -1000;
 
 std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> HttpRequestArduino::perform(const std::string &url, const std::string &method,
                                                            const std::string &body,
-                                                           const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                                           const std::vector<Header> &request_headers,
                                                            const std::vector<std::string> &lower_case_collect_headers) {
   if (!network::is_connected()) {
     this->status_momentary_error("failed", 1000);

esphome/components/http_request/http_request_arduino.h

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class HttpContainerArduino : public HttpContainer {
 class HttpRequestArduino : public HttpRequestComponent {
  protected:
   std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> perform(const std::string &url, const std::string &method, const std::string &body,
-                                         const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                         const std::vector<Header> &request_headers,
                                          const std::vector<std::string> &lower_case_collect_headers) override;
 };
 

esphome/components/http_request/http_request_host.cpp

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ static const char *const TAG = "http_request.host";
 
 std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> HttpRequestHost::perform(const std::string &url, const std::string &method,
                                                         const std::string &body,
-                                                        const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                                        const std::vector<Header> &request_headers,
                                                         const std::vector<std::string> &lower_case_collect_headers) {
   if (!network::is_connected()) {
     this->status_momentary_error("failed", 1000);

esphome/components/http_request/http_request_host.h

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class HttpContainerHost : public HttpContainer {
 class HttpRequestHost : public HttpRequestComponent {
  public:
   std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> perform(const std::string &url, const std::string &method, const std::string &body,
-                                         const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                         const std::vector<Header> &request_headers,
                                          const std::vector<std::string> &lower_case_collect_headers) override;
   void set_ca_path(const char *ca_path) { this->ca_path_ = ca_path; }
 

esphome/components/http_request/http_request_idf.cpp

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ esp_err_t HttpRequestIDF::http_event_handler(esp_http_client_event_t *evt) {
 
 std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> HttpRequestIDF::perform(const std::string &url, const std::string &method,
                                                        const std::string &body,
-                                                       const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                                       const std::vector<Header> &request_headers,
                                                        const std::vector<std::string> &lower_case_collect_headers) {
   if (!network::is_connected()) {
     this->status_momentary_error("failed", 1000);

esphome/components/http_request/http_request_idf.h

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class HttpRequestIDF : public HttpRequestComponent {
 
  protected:
   std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> perform(const std::string &url, const std::string &method, const std::string &body,
-                                         const std::list<Header> &request_headers,
+                                         const std::vector<Header> &request_headers,
                                          const std::vector<std::string> &lower_case_collect_headers) override;
   // if zero ESP-IDF will use DEFAULT_HTTP_BUF_SIZE
   uint16_t buffer_size_rx_{};

esphome/components/http_request/ota/ota_http_request.cpp

@@ -105,8 +105,7 @@ uint8_t OtaHttpRequestComponent::do_ota_() {
 
   // we will compute MD5 on the fly for verification -- Arduino OTA seems to ignore it
   md5_receive.init();
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "MD5Digest initialized\n"
-                "OTA backend begin");
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "MD5Digest initialized, OTA backend begin");
   auto backend = ota::make_ota_backend();
   auto error_code = backend->begin(container->content_length);
   if (error_code != ota::OTA_RESPONSE_OK) {

esphome/components/http_request/update/http_request_update.cpp

@@ -24,8 +24,29 @@ namespace http_request {
 static const char *const TAG = "http_request.update";
 
 static const size_t MAX_READ_SIZE = 256;
+static constexpr uint32_t INITIAL_CHECK_INTERVAL_ID = 0;
+static constexpr uint32_t INITIAL_CHECK_INTERVAL_MS = 10000;
+static constexpr uint8_t INITIAL_CHECK_MAX_ATTEMPTS = 6;
 
-void HttpRequestUpdate::setup() { this->ota_parent_->add_state_listener(this); }
+void HttpRequestUpdate::setup() {
+  this->ota_parent_->add_state_listener(this);
+
+  // Check periodically until network is ready
+  // Only if update interval is > total retry window to avoid redundant checks
+  if (this->get_update_interval() != SCHEDULER_DONT_RUN &&
+      this->get_update_interval() > INITIAL_CHECK_INTERVAL_MS * INITIAL_CHECK_MAX_ATTEMPTS) {
+    this->initial_check_remaining_ = INITIAL_CHECK_MAX_ATTEMPTS;
+    this->set_interval(INITIAL_CHECK_INTERVAL_ID, INITIAL_CHECK_INTERVAL_MS, [this]() {
+      bool connected = network::is_connected();
+      if (--this->initial_check_remaining_ == 0 || connected) {
+        this->cancel_interval(INITIAL_CHECK_INTERVAL_ID);
+        if (connected) {
+          this->update();
+        }
+      }
+    });
+  }
+}
 
 void HttpRequestUpdate::on_ota_state(ota::OTAState state, float progress, uint8_t error) {
   if (state == ota::OTAState::OTA_IN_PROGRESS) {
@@ -45,6 +66,7 @@ void HttpRequestUpdate::update() {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Network not connected, skipping update check");
     return;
   }
+  this->cancel_interval(INITIAL_CHECK_INTERVAL_ID);
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
   xTaskCreate(HttpRequestUpdate::update_task, "update_task", 8192, (void *) this, 1, &this->update_task_handle_);
 #else

esphome/components/http_request/update/http_request_update.h

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ class HttpRequestUpdate final : public update::UpdateEntity, public PollingCompo
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
   TaskHandle_t update_task_handle_{nullptr};
 #endif
+  uint8_t initial_check_remaining_{0};
 };
 
 }  // namespace http_request

esphome/components/ili9xxx/ili9xxx_init.h

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ namespace esphome {
 namespace ili9xxx {
 
 // clang-format off
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_M5STACK[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_M5STACK[] = {
   0xEF, 3, 0x03, 0x80, 0x02,
   0xCF, 3, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x30,
   0xED, 4, 0x64, 0x03, 0x12, 0x81,
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_M5STACK[] = {
   0x00                                   // End of list
 };
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_M5CORE[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_M5CORE[] = {
   ILI9XXX_SETEXTC, 3, 0xFF,0x93,0x42,   // Turn on the external command
   ILI9XXX_PWCTR1 , 2, 0x12, 0x12,
   ILI9XXX_PWCTR2 , 1, 0x03,
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_M5CORE[] = {
 
 
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9341[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9341[] = {
   0xEF, 3, 0x03, 0x80, 0x02,
   0xCF, 3, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x30,
   0xED, 4, 0x64, 0x03, 0x12, 0x81,
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9341[] = {
   0x00                                   // End of list
 };
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9481[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9481[] = {
   ILI9XXX_SLPOUT ,  0x80,    // Exit sleep mode
   ILI9XXX_PWSET  , 3, 0x07, 0x41, 0x1D,
   ILI9XXX_VMCTR  , 3, 0x00, 0x1C, 0x1F,
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9481[] = {
   0x00 // end
 };
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9481_18[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9481_18[] = {
     ILI9XXX_SLPOUT ,  0x80,    // Exit sleep mode
     ILI9XXX_PWSET  , 3, 0x07, 0x41, 0x1D,
     ILI9XXX_VMCTR  , 3, 0x00, 0x1C, 0x1F,
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9481_18[] = {
     0x00 // end
 };
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9486[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9486[] = {
   ILI9XXX_SLPOUT, 0x80,
   ILI9XXX_PIXFMT, 1, 0x55,
   ILI9XXX_PWCTR3, 1, 0x44,
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ static const uint8_t INITCMD_WAVESHARE_RES_3_5[] = {
     0x00                                   // End of list
 };
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9488_A[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9488_A[] = {
   ILI9XXX_GMCTRP1,15, 0x00, 0x03, 0x09, 0x08, 0x16, 0x0A, 0x3F, 0x78, 0x4C, 0x09, 0x0A, 0x08, 0x16, 0x1A, 0x0F,
   ILI9XXX_GMCTRN1,15, 0x00, 0x16, 0x19, 0x03, 0x0F, 0x05, 0x32, 0x45, 0x46, 0x04, 0x0E, 0x0D, 0x35, 0x37, 0x0F,
 
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ILI9488_A[] = {
   0x00 // end
 };
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ST7796[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ST7796[] = {
   // This ST7796S initilization routine was copied from https://github.com/prenticedavid/Adafruit_ST7796S_kbv/blob/master/Adafruit_ST7796S_kbv.cpp
   ILI9XXX_SWRESET, 0x80,         // Soft reset, then delay 150 ms
   ILI9XXX_CSCON, 1, 0xC3,              // ?? Unlock Manufacturer
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ST7796[] = {
   0x00                                   // End of list
 };
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_S3BOX[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_S3BOX[] = {
   0xEF, 3, 0x03, 0x80, 0x02,
   0xCF, 3, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x30,
   0xED, 4, 0x64, 0x03, 0x12, 0x81,
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_S3BOX[] = {
   0x00                                   // End of list
 };
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_S3BOXLITE[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_S3BOXLITE[] = {
   0xEF, 3, 0x03, 0x80, 0x02,
   0xCF, 3, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x30,
   0xED, 4, 0x64, 0x03, 0x12, 0x81,
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_S3BOXLITE[] = {
   0x00                                   // End of list
 };
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ST7789V[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ST7789V[] = {
   ILI9XXX_SLPOUT  , 0x80,                // Exit Sleep
   ILI9XXX_DISPON  , 0x80,                // Display on
   ILI9XXX_MADCTL  , 1, 0x08,             // Memory Access Control, BGR
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ST7789V[] = {
   0x00                                   // End of list
 };
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_GC9A01A[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_GC9A01A[] = {
   0xEF, 0,
   0xEB, 1, 0x14, // ?
   0xFE, 0,
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_GC9A01A[] = {
   0x00                  // End of list
 };
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_GC9D01N[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_GC9D01N[] = {
   // Enable Inter_command
   0xFE, 0,          // Inter Register Enable 1 (FEh)
   0xEF, 0,          // Inter Register Enable 2 (EFh)
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_GC9D01N[] = {
   0x00                    // End of list
 };
 
-static const uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ST7735[] = {
+static constexpr uint8_t PROGMEM INITCMD_ST7735[] = {
     ILI9XXX_SWRESET, 0,         // Soft reset, then delay 10ms
     ILI9XXX_DELAY(10),
     ILI9XXX_SLPOUT  , 0,                // Exit Sleep, delay

esphome/components/ina2xx_base/ina2xx_base.cpp

@@ -362,10 +362,8 @@ bool INA2XX::configure_shunt_() {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Shunt value too high");
   }
   this->shunt_cal_ &= 0x7FFF;
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG,
-           "Given Rshunt=%f Ohm and Max_current=%.3f\n"
-           "New CURRENT_LSB=%f, SHUNT_CAL=%u",
-           this->shunt_resistance_ohm_, this->max_current_a_, this->current_lsb_, this->shunt_cal_);
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Rshunt=%f Ohm, max current=%.3f A, current LSB=%f, shunt cal=%u", this->shunt_resistance_ohm_,
+           this->max_current_a_, this->current_lsb_, this->shunt_cal_);
   return this->write_unsigned_16_(RegisterMap::REG_SHUNT_CAL, this->shunt_cal_);
 }
 

esphome/components/kamstrup_kmp/kamstrup_kmp.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <queue>
 #include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
 #include "esphome/components/uart/uart.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"

esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.cpp

@@ -489,11 +489,8 @@ bool LD2410Component::handle_ack_data_() {
       this->out_pin_level_ = this->buffer_data_[12];
       const auto *light_function_str = find_str(LIGHT_FUNCTIONS_BY_UINT, this->light_function_);
       const auto *out_pin_level_str = find_str(OUT_PIN_LEVELS_BY_UINT, this->out_pin_level_);
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG,
-               "Light function: %s\n"
-               "Light threshold: %u\n"
-               "Out pin level: %s",
-               light_function_str, this->light_threshold_, out_pin_level_str);
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Light function: %s, threshold: %u, out pin level: %s", light_function_str, this->light_threshold_,
+               out_pin_level_str);
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
       if (this->light_function_select_ != nullptr) {
         this->light_function_select_->publish_state(light_function_str);
@@ -608,8 +605,9 @@ void LD2410Component::readline_(int readch) {
     // We should never get here, but just in case...
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Max command length exceeded; ignoring");
     this->buffer_pos_ = 0;
+    return;
   }
-  if (this->buffer_pos_ < 4) {
+  if (this->buffer_pos_ < HEADER_FOOTER_SIZE) {
     return;  // Not enough data to process yet
   }
   if (ld2410::validate_header_footer(DATA_FRAME_FOOTER, &this->buffer_data_[this->buffer_pos_ - 4])) {

esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.h

@@ -33,8 +33,10 @@ namespace esphome::ld2410 {
 
 using namespace ld24xx;
 
-static constexpr uint8_t MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 46;  // Max characters for serial buffer
-static constexpr uint8_t TOTAL_GATES = 9;       // Total number of gates supported by the LD2410
+// Engineering data frame is 45 bytes; +1 for null terminator, +4 so that a frame footer always
+// lands inside the buffer during footer-based resynchronization after losing sync.
+static constexpr uint8_t MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 50;
+static constexpr uint8_t TOTAL_GATES = 9;  // Total number of gates supported by the LD2410
 
 class LD2410Component : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR

esphome/components/ld2412/ld2412.cpp

@@ -530,10 +530,7 @@ bool LD2412Component::handle_ack_data_() {
       this->light_function_ = this->buffer_data_[10];
       this->light_threshold_ = this->buffer_data_[11];
       const auto *light_function_str = find_str(LIGHT_FUNCTIONS_BY_UINT, this->light_function_);
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG,
-               "Light function: %s\n"
-               "Light threshold: %u",
-               light_function_str, this->light_threshold_);
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Light function: %s, threshold: %u", light_function_str, this->light_threshold_);
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
       if (this->light_function_select_ != nullptr) {
         this->light_function_select_->publish_state(light_function_str);

esphome/components/ld2420/ld2420.h

@@ -21,7 +21,9 @@
 namespace esphome::ld2420 {
 
 static constexpr uint8_t CALIBRATE_SAMPLES = 64;
-static constexpr uint8_t MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 46;  // Max characters for serial buffer
+// Energy frame is 45 bytes; +1 for null terminator, +4 so that a frame footer always lands
+// inside the buffer during footer-based resynchronization after losing sync.
+static constexpr uint8_t MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 50;
 static constexpr uint8_t TOTAL_GATES = 16;
 
 enum OpMode : uint8_t {

esphome/components/ld2450/ld2450.cpp

@@ -776,8 +776,9 @@ void LD2450Component::readline_(int readch) {
     // We should never get here, but just in case...
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Max command length exceeded; ignoring");
     this->buffer_pos_ = 0;
+    return;
   }
-  if (this->buffer_pos_ < 4) {
+  if (this->buffer_pos_ < HEADER_FOOTER_SIZE) {
     return;  // Not enough data to process yet
   }
   if (this->buffer_data_[this->buffer_pos_ - 2] == DATA_FRAME_FOOTER[0] &&

esphome/components/ld2450/ld2450.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
@@ -37,9 +38,11 @@ using namespace ld24xx;
 
 // Constants
 static constexpr uint8_t DEFAULT_PRESENCE_TIMEOUT = 5;  // Timeout to reset presense status 5 sec.
-static constexpr uint8_t MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 41;          // Max characters for serial buffer
-static constexpr uint8_t MAX_TARGETS = 3;               // Max 3 Targets in LD2450
-static constexpr uint8_t MAX_ZONES = 3;                 // Max 3 Zones in LD2450
+// Zone query response is 40 bytes; +1 for null terminator, +4 so that a frame footer always
+// lands inside the buffer during footer-based resynchronization after losing sync.
+static constexpr uint8_t MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 45;
+static constexpr uint8_t MAX_TARGETS = 3;  // Max 3 Targets in LD2450
+static constexpr uint8_t MAX_ZONES = 3;    // Max 3 Zones in LD2450
 
 enum Direction : uint8_t {
   DIRECTION_APPROACHING = 0,

esphome/components/ledc/ledc_output.cpp

@@ -130,10 +130,8 @@ void LEDCOutput::setup() {
   }
   int hpoint = ledc_angle_to_htop(this->phase_angle_, this->bit_depth_);
 
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG,
-           "Configured frequency %f with a bit depth of %u bits\n"
-           "Angle of %.1f° results in hpoint %u",
-           this->frequency_, this->bit_depth_, this->phase_angle_, hpoint);
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Configured frequency %f with bit depth %u, angle %.1f° hpoint %u", this->frequency_, this->bit_depth_,
+           this->phase_angle_, hpoint);
 
   ledc_channel_config_t chan_conf{};
   chan_conf.gpio_num = this->pin_->get_pin();

esphome/components/libretiny/__init__.py

@@ -275,6 +275,146 @@ BASE_SCHEMA.add_extra(_detect_variant)
 BASE_SCHEMA.add_extra(_update_core_data)
 
 
+def _configure_lwip(config: dict) -> None:
+    """Configure lwIP options for LibreTiny platforms.
+
+    The BK/RTL/LN SDKs each ship different lwIP defaults. BK72XX defaults are
+    wildly oversized for ESPHome's IoT use case, causing OOM on BK7231N.
+    RTL87XX and LN882H have more conservative defaults but still need tuning
+    for ESPHome's socket usage patterns.
+
+    See https://github.com/esphome/esphome/issues/14095
+
+    Comparison of SDK defaults vs ESPHome targets (TCP_MSS=1460 on all LT):
+
+    Setting                   ESP8266  ESP32  BK SDK   RTL SDK  LN SDK   New
+    ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    TCP_SND_BUF               2×MSS   4×MSS  10×MSS   5×MSS    7×MSS    4×MSS
+    TCP_WND                   4×MSS   4×MSS  3/10×MSS 2×MSS    3×MSS    4×MSS
+    MEM_LIBC_MALLOC           1       1      0        0        1        1
+    MEMP_MEM_MALLOC           1       1      0        0        0        1
+    MEM_SIZE                  N/A*    N/A*   16/32KB  5KB      N/A*     N/A* BK
+    PBUF_POOL_SIZE            10      16     3/10     20       20       10 BK
+    MAX_SOCKETS_TCP           5       16     12       —**      —**      dynamic
+    MAX_SOCKETS_UDP           4       16     22       —**      —**      dynamic
+    TCP_SND_QUEUELEN          ~8      17     20       20       35       17
+    MEMP_NUM_TCP_SEG          10      16     40       20       =qlen    17
+    MEMP_NUM_TCP_PCB          5       16     12       10       8        =TCP
+    MEMP_NUM_TCP_PCB_LISTEN   4       16     4        5        3        dynamic
+    MEMP_NUM_UDP_PCB          4       16     25***    7****    7****    =UDP
+    MEMP_NUM_NETCONN          0       10     38       4*****   =sum     =sum
+    MEMP_NUM_NETBUF           0       2      16       2*****   8        4
+    MEMP_NUM_TCPIP_MSG_INPKT  4       8      16       8*****   12       8
+
+    * ESP8266/ESP32/LN882H use MEM_LIBC_MALLOC=1 (system heap, no dedicated pool).
+      ESP8266/ESP32 also use MEMP_MEM_MALLOC=1 (MEMP pools from heap, not static).
+    ** RTL/LN SDKs don't define MAX_SOCKETS_TCP/UDP (LibreTiny-specific).
+    *** BK LT overlay: MAX_SOCKETS_UDP+2+1 = 25.
+    **** RTL/LN LT overlay overrides to flat 7.
+    ***** Not defined in RTL SDK — lwIP opt.h defaults shown.
+    "dynamic" = auto-calculated from component socket registrations via
+    socket.get_socket_counts() with minimums of 8 TCP / 6 UDP.
+    """
+    from esphome.components.socket import (
+        MIN_TCP_LISTEN_SOCKETS,
+        MIN_TCP_SOCKETS,
+        MIN_UDP_SOCKETS,
+        get_socket_counts,
+    )
+
+    sc = get_socket_counts()
+    # Apply platform minimums — ensure headroom for ESPHome's needs
+    tcp_sockets = max(MIN_TCP_SOCKETS, sc.tcp)
+    udp_sockets = max(MIN_UDP_SOCKETS, sc.udp)
+    # Listening sockets — registered by components (api, ota, web_server_base, etc.)
+    # Not all components register yet, so ensure a minimum for baseline operation.
+    listening_tcp = max(MIN_TCP_LISTEN_SOCKETS, sc.tcp_listen)
+
+    # TCP_SND_BUF: ESPAsyncWebServer allocates malloc(tcp_sndbuf()) per
+    # response chunk. At 10×MSS=14.6KB (BK default) this causes OOM (#14095).
+    # 4×MSS=5,840 matches ESP32. RTL(5×) and LN(7×) are close already.
+    tcp_snd_buf = "(4*TCP_MSS)"  # BK: 10×MSS, RTL: 5×MSS, LN: 7×MSS
+
+    # TCP_WND: receive window. 4×MSS matches ESP32.
+    # RTL SDK uses only 2×MSS; increasing to 4× is safe and improves throughput.
+    tcp_wnd = "(4*TCP_MSS)"  # BK: 10×MSS, RTL: 2×MSS, LN: 3×MSS
+
+    # TCP_SND_QUEUELEN: max pbufs queued for send buffer
+    # ESP-IDF formula: (4 * TCP_SND_BUF + (TCP_MSS - 1)) / TCP_MSS
+    # With 4×MSS: (4*5840 + 1459) / 1460 = 17 — match ESP32
+    tcp_snd_queuelen = 17  # BK: 20, RTL: 20, LN: 35
+    # MEMP_NUM_TCP_SEG: segment pool, must be >= TCP_SND_QUEUELEN (lwIP sanity check)
+    memp_num_tcp_seg = tcp_snd_queuelen  # BK: 40, RTL: 20, LN: =qlen
+
+    lwip_opts: list[str] = [
+        # Disable statistics — not needed for production, saves RAM
+        "LWIP_STATS=0",  # BK: 1, RTL: 0 already, LN: 0 already
+        "MEM_STATS=0",
+        "MEMP_STATS=0",
+        # TCP send buffer — 4×MSS matches ESP32
+        f"TCP_SND_BUF={tcp_snd_buf}",
+        # TCP receive window — 4×MSS matches ESP32
+        f"TCP_WND={tcp_wnd}",
+        # Socket counts — auto-calculated from component registrations
+        f"MAX_SOCKETS_TCP={tcp_sockets}",
+        f"MAX_SOCKETS_UDP={udp_sockets}",
+        # Listening sockets — BK SDK uses this to derive MEMP_NUM_TCP_PCB_LISTEN;
+        # RTL/LN don't use it, but we set MEMP_NUM_TCP_PCB_LISTEN explicitly below.
+        f"MAX_LISTENING_SOCKETS_TCP={listening_tcp}",
+        # Queued segment limits — derived from 4×MSS buffer size
+        f"TCP_SND_QUEUELEN={tcp_snd_queuelen}",
+        f"MEMP_NUM_TCP_SEG={memp_num_tcp_seg}",  # must be >= queuelen
+        # PCB pools — active connections + listening sockets
+        f"MEMP_NUM_TCP_PCB={tcp_sockets}",  # BK: 12, RTL: 10, LN: 8
+        f"MEMP_NUM_TCP_PCB_LISTEN={listening_tcp}",  # BK: =MAX_LISTENING, RTL: 5, LN: 3
+        # UDP PCB pool — includes wifi.lwip_internal (DHCP + DNS)
+        f"MEMP_NUM_UDP_PCB={udp_sockets}",  # BK: 25, RTL/LN: 7 via LT
+        # Netconn pool — each socket (active + listening) needs a netconn
+        f"MEMP_NUM_NETCONN={tcp_sockets + udp_sockets + listening_tcp}",
+        # Netbuf pool
+        "MEMP_NUM_NETBUF=4",  # BK: 16, RTL: 2 (opt.h), LN: 8
+        # Inbound message pool
+        "MEMP_NUM_TCPIP_MSG_INPKT=8",  # BK: 16, RTL: 8 (opt.h), LN: 12
+    ]
+
+    # Use system heap for all lwIP allocations on all LibreTiny platforms.
+    # - MEM_LIBC_MALLOC=1: Use system heap instead of dedicated lwIP heap.
+    #   LN882H already ships with this. BK SDK defaults to a 16/32KB dedicated
+    #   pool that fragments during OTA. RTL SDK defaults to a 5KB pool.
+    #   All three SDKs wire malloc → pvPortMalloc (FreeRTOS thread-safe heap).
+    # - MEMP_MEM_MALLOC=1: Allocate MEMP pools from heap on demand instead
+    #   of static arrays. Saves ~20KB RAM on BK72XX. Safe because WiFi
+    #   receive paths run in task context, not ISR context. ESP32 and ESP8266
+    #   both ship with MEMP_MEM_MALLOC=1.
+    lwip_opts.append("MEM_LIBC_MALLOC=1")
+    lwip_opts.append("MEMP_MEM_MALLOC=1")
+
+    # BK72XX-specific: PBUF_POOL_SIZE override
+    # BK SDK "reduced plan" sets this to only 3 — too few for multiple
+    # concurrent connections (API + web_server + OTA). BK default plan
+    # uses 10; match that. RTL(20) and LN(20) need no override.
+    # With MEMP_MEM_MALLOC=1, this is a max count (allocated on demand).
+    if CORE.is_bk72xx:
+        lwip_opts.append("PBUF_POOL_SIZE=10")
+
+    tcp_min = " (min)" if tcp_sockets > sc.tcp else ""
+    udp_min = " (min)" if udp_sockets > sc.udp else ""
+    listen_min = " (min)" if listening_tcp > sc.tcp_listen else ""
+    _LOGGER.info(
+        "Configuring lwIP: TCP=%d%s [%s], UDP=%d%s [%s], TCP_LISTEN=%d%s [%s]",
+        tcp_sockets,
+        tcp_min,
+        sc.tcp_details,
+        udp_sockets,
+        udp_min,
+        sc.udp_details,
+        listening_tcp,
+        listen_min,
+        sc.tcp_listen_details,
+    )
+    cg.add_platformio_option("custom_options.lwip", lwip_opts)
+
+
 # pylint: disable=use-dict-literal
 async def component_to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
@@ -389,11 +529,12 @@ async def component_to_code(config):
             "custom_options.sys_config#h", _BK7231N_SYS_CONFIG_OPTIONS
         )
 
-    # Disable LWIP statistics to save RAM - not needed in production
-    # Must explicitly disable all sub-stats to avoid redefinition warnings
-    cg.add_platformio_option(
-        "custom_options.lwip",
-        ["LWIP_STATS=0", "MEM_STATS=0", "MEMP_STATS=0"],
-    )
+    # Tune lwIP for ESPHome's actual needs.
+    # The SDK defaults (TCP_SND_BUF=10*MSS, MAX_SOCKETS_TCP=12, MEM_SIZE=32KB)
+    # are wildly oversized for an IoT device. ESPAsyncWebServer allocates
+    # malloc(tcp_sndbuf()) per response chunk — at 14.6KB this causes silent
+    # OOM on memory-constrained chips like BK7231N.
+    # See https://github.com/esphome/esphome/issues/14095
+    _configure_lwip(config)
 
     await cg.register_component(var, config)

esphome/components/logger/__init__.py

@@ -101,6 +101,8 @@ CONF_INITIAL_LEVEL = "initial_level"
 CONF_LOGGER_ID = "logger_id"
 CONF_RUNTIME_TAG_LEVELS = "runtime_tag_levels"
 CONF_TASK_LOG_BUFFER_SIZE = "task_log_buffer_size"
+CONF_WAIT_FOR_CDC = "wait_for_cdc"
+CONF_EARLY_MESSAGE = "early_message"
 
 UART_SELECTION_ESP32 = {
     VARIANT_ESP32: [UART0, UART1, UART2],
@@ -208,6 +210,12 @@ def validate_initial_no_higher_than_global(config):
     return config
 
 
+def validate_wait_for_cdc(config):
+    if config.get(CONF_WAIT_FOR_CDC) and config.get(CONF_HARDWARE_UART) != USB_CDC:
+        raise cv.Invalid("wait_for_cdc requires hardware_uart: USB_CDC")
+    return config
+
+
 Logger = logger_ns.class_("Logger", cg.Component)
 LoggerMessageTrigger = logger_ns.class_(
     "LoggerMessageTrigger",
@@ -300,10 +308,18 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
             cv.SplitDefault(
                 CONF_ESP8266_STORE_LOG_STRINGS_IN_FLASH, esp8266=True
             ): cv.All(cv.only_on_esp8266, cv.boolean),
+            cv.SplitDefault(CONF_WAIT_FOR_CDC, nrf52=False): cv.All(
+                cv.only_on(PLATFORM_NRF52),
+                cv.boolean,
+            ),
+            cv.SplitDefault(CONF_EARLY_MESSAGE, nrf52=False): cv.All(
+                cv.only_on(PLATFORM_NRF52), cv.boolean
+            ),
         }
     ).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA),
     validate_local_no_higher_than_global,
     validate_initial_no_higher_than_global,
+    validate_wait_for_cdc,
 )
 
 
@@ -313,10 +329,11 @@ async def to_code(config):
     level = config[CONF_LEVEL]
     CORE.data.setdefault(CONF_LOGGER, {})[CONF_LEVEL] = level
     initial_level = LOG_LEVELS[config.get(CONF_INITIAL_LEVEL, level)]
+    tx_buffer_size = config[CONF_TX_BUFFER_SIZE]
+    cg.add_define("ESPHOME_LOGGER_TX_BUFFER_SIZE", tx_buffer_size)
     log = cg.new_Pvariable(
         config[CONF_ID],
         baud_rate,
-        config[CONF_TX_BUFFER_SIZE],
     )
     if CORE.is_esp32:
         cg.add(log.create_pthread_key())
@@ -425,13 +442,21 @@ async def to_code(config):
     except cv.Invalid:
         pass
 
+    if config.get(CONF_WAIT_FOR_CDC):
+        cg.add_define("USE_LOGGER_WAIT_FOR_CDC")
+    if config.get(CONF_EARLY_MESSAGE):
+        cg.add_define("USE_LOGGER_EARLY_MESSAGE")
+
     if CORE.is_nrf52:
+        # esphome implement own fatal error handler which save PC/LR before reset
+        zephyr_add_prj_conf("RESET_ON_FATAL_ERROR", False)
         zephyr_add_prj_conf("THREAD_LOCAL_STORAGE", True)
         if config[CONF_HARDWARE_UART] == UART0:
             zephyr_add_overlay("""&uart0 { status = "okay";};""")
         if config[CONF_HARDWARE_UART] == UART1:
             zephyr_add_overlay("""&uart1 { status = "okay";};""")
         if config[CONF_HARDWARE_UART] == USB_CDC:
+            cg.add_define("USE_LOGGER_UART_SELECTION_USB_CDC")
             zephyr_add_prj_conf("UART_LINE_CTRL", True)
             zephyr_add_cdc_acm(config, 0)
 

esphome/components/logger/log_buffer.h

@@ -75,18 +75,13 @@ struct LogBuffer {
 
     *p++ = ':';
 
-    // Format line number without modulo operations
+    // Format line number using subtraction loops (no division - important for ESP8266 which lacks hardware divider)
     if (line > 999) [[unlikely]] {
-      int thousands = line / 1000;
-      *p++ = '0' + thousands;
-      line -= thousands * 1000;
+      write_digit(p, line, 1000);
     }
-    int hundreds = line / 100;
-    int remainder = line - hundreds * 100;
-    int tens = remainder / 10;
-    *p++ = '0' + hundreds;
-    *p++ = '0' + tens;
-    *p++ = '0' + (remainder - tens * 10);
+    write_digit(p, line, 100);
+    write_digit(p, line, 10);
+    *p++ = '0' + line;
     *p++ = ']';
 
 #if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY) || defined(USE_ZEPHYR) || defined(USE_HOST)
@@ -162,6 +157,15 @@ struct LogBuffer {
     this->process_vsnprintf_result_(vsnprintf_P(this->current_(), this->remaining_(), format, args));
   }
 #endif
+  // Extract one decimal digit via subtraction (no division - important for ESP8266)
+  static inline void ESPHOME_ALWAYS_INLINE write_digit(char *&p, int &value, int divisor) {
+    char d = '0';
+    while (value >= divisor) {
+      d++;
+      value -= divisor;
+    }
+    *p++ = d;
+  }
   // Write ANSI color escape sequence to buffer, updates pointer in place
   // Caller is responsible for ensuring buffer has sufficient space
   void write_ansi_color_(char *&p, uint8_t level) {