[update, http_request_update] Implement update available trigger (#9174)

esphome/components/http_request/update/http_request_update.cpp

@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ void HttpRequestUpdate::update_task(void *params) {
 
   if (container == nullptr || container->status_code != HTTP_STATUS_OK) {
     std::string msg = str_sprintf("Failed to fetch manifest from %s", this_update->source_url_.c_str());
-    this_update->status_set_error(msg.c_str());
+    // Defer to main loop to avoid race condition on component_state_ read-modify-write
+    this_update->defer([this_update, msg]() { this_update->status_set_error(msg.c_str()); });
     UPDATE_RETURN;
   }
 
@@ -58,7 +59,8 @@ void HttpRequestUpdate::update_task(void *params) {
   uint8_t *data = allocator.allocate(container->content_length);
   if (data == nullptr) {
     std::string msg = str_sprintf("Failed to allocate %zu bytes for manifest", container->content_length);
-    this_update->status_set_error(msg.c_str());
+    // Defer to main loop to avoid race condition on component_state_ read-modify-write
+    this_update->defer([this_update, msg]() { this_update->status_set_error(msg.c_str()); });
     container->end();
     UPDATE_RETURN;
   }
@@ -120,7 +122,8 @@ void HttpRequestUpdate::update_task(void *params) {
 
   if (!valid) {
     std::string msg = str_sprintf("Failed to parse JSON from %s", this_update->source_url_.c_str());
-    this_update->status_set_error(msg.c_str());
+    // Defer to main loop to avoid race condition on component_state_ read-modify-write
+    this_update->defer([this_update, msg]() { this_update->status_set_error(msg.c_str()); });
     UPDATE_RETURN;
   }
 
@@ -147,18 +150,34 @@ void HttpRequestUpdate::update_task(void *params) {
     this_update->update_info_.current_version = current_version;
   }
 
+  bool trigger_update_available = false;
+
   if (this_update->update_info_.latest_version.empty() ||
       this_update->update_info_.latest_version == this_update->update_info_.current_version) {
     this_update->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_NO_UPDATE;
   } else {
+    if (this_update->state_ != update::UPDATE_STATE_AVAILABLE) {
+      trigger_update_available = true;
+    }
     this_update->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_AVAILABLE;
   }
 
-  this_update->update_info_.has_progress = false;
-  this_update->update_info_.progress = 0.0f;
+  // Defer to main loop to ensure thread-safe execution of:
+  // - status_clear_error() performs non-atomic read-modify-write on component_state_
+  // - publish_state() triggers API callbacks that write to the shared protobuf buffer
+  //   which can be corrupted if accessed concurrently from task and main loop threads
+  // - update_available trigger to ensure consistent state when the trigger fires
+  this_update->defer([this_update, trigger_update_available]() {
+    this_update->update_info_.has_progress = false;
+    this_update->update_info_.progress = 0.0f;
 
-  this_update->status_clear_error();
-  this_update->publish_state();
+    this_update->status_clear_error();
+    this_update->publish_state();
+
+    if (trigger_update_available) {
+      this_update->get_update_available_trigger()->trigger(this_update->update_info_);
+    }
+  });
 
   UPDATE_RETURN;
 }

esphome/components/update/update_entity.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <memory>
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/entity_base.h"
@@ -38,12 +39,19 @@ class UpdateEntity : public EntityBase, public EntityBase_DeviceClass {
   const UpdateState &state = state_;
 
   void add_on_state_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback) { this->state_callback_.add(std::move(callback)); }
+  Trigger<const UpdateInfo &> *get_update_available_trigger() {
+    if (!update_available_trigger_) {
+      update_available_trigger_ = std::make_unique<Trigger<const UpdateInfo &>>();
+    }
+    return update_available_trigger_.get();
+  }
 
  protected:
   UpdateState state_{UPDATE_STATE_UNKNOWN};
   UpdateInfo update_info_;
 
   CallbackManager<void()> state_callback_{};
+  std::unique_ptr<Trigger<const UpdateInfo &>> update_available_trigger_{nullptr};
 };
 
 }  // namespace update

tests/components/http_request/common.yaml

@@ -91,3 +91,5 @@ update:
     name: OTA Update
     id: ota_update
     source: http://my.ha.net:8123/local/esphome/manifest.json
+    on_update_available:
+      - logger.log: "A new update is available"

tests/components/update/common.yaml

@@ -26,3 +26,5 @@ update:
   - platform: http_request
     name: Firmware Update
     source: http://example.com/manifest.json
+    on_update_available:
+      - logger.log: "A new update is available"