Merge pull request #9691 from esphome/bump-2025.7.2

2025.7.2

Doxyfile

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ PROJECT_NAME           = ESPHome
 # could be handy for archiving the generated documentation or if some version
 # control system is used.
 
-PROJECT_NUMBER         = 2025.7.0
+PROJECT_NUMBER         = 2025.7.2
 
 # Using the PROJECT_BRIEF tag one can provide an optional one line description
 # for a project that appears at the top of each page and should give viewer a

esphome/components/api/homeassistant_service.h

@@ -11,6 +11,18 @@ namespace esphome {
 namespace api {
 
 template<typename... X> class TemplatableStringValue : public TemplatableValue<std::string, X...> {
+ private:
+  // Helper to convert value to string - handles the case where value is already a string
+  template<typename T> static std::string value_to_string(T &&val) { return to_string(std::forward<T>(val)); }
+
+  // Overloads for string types - needed because std::to_string doesn't support them
+  static std::string value_to_string(char *val) {
+    return val ? std::string(val) : std::string();
+  }  // For lambdas returning char* (e.g., itoa)
+  static std::string value_to_string(const char *val) { return std::string(val); }  // For lambdas returning .c_str()
+  static std::string value_to_string(const std::string &val) { return val; }
+  static std::string value_to_string(std::string &&val) { return std::move(val); }
+
  public:
   TemplatableStringValue() : TemplatableValue<std::string, X...>() {}
 
@@ -19,7 +31,7 @@ template<typename... X> class TemplatableStringValue : public TemplatableValue<s
 
   template<typename F, enable_if_t<is_invocable<F, X...>::value, int> = 0>
   TemplatableStringValue(F f)
-      : TemplatableValue<std::string, X...>([f](X... x) -> std::string { return to_string(f(x...)); }) {}
+      : TemplatableValue<std::string, X...>([f](X... x) -> std::string { return value_to_string(f(x...)); }) {}
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class TemplatableKeyValuePair {

esphome/components/e131/e131_packet.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "esphome/components/network/ip_address.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/util.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
 #include <lwip/igmp.h>
 #include <lwip/init.h>
@@ -71,7 +72,11 @@ bool E131Component::join_igmp_groups_() {
     ip4_addr_t multicast_addr =
         network::IPAddress(239, 255, ((universe.first >> 8) & 0xff), ((universe.first >> 0) & 0xff));
 
-    auto err = igmp_joingroup(IP4_ADDR_ANY4, &multicast_addr);
+    err_t err;
+    {
+      LwIPLock lock;
+      err = igmp_joingroup(IP4_ADDR_ANY4, &multicast_addr);
+    }
 
     if (err) {
       ESP_LOGW(TAG, "IGMP join for %d universe of E1.31 failed. Multicast might not work.", universe.first);
@@ -104,6 +109,7 @@ void E131Component::leave_(int universe) {
   if (listen_method_ == E131_MULTICAST) {
     ip4_addr_t multicast_addr = network::IPAddress(239, 255, ((universe >> 8) & 0xff), ((universe >> 0) & 0xff));
 
+    LwIPLock lock;
     igmp_leavegroup(IP4_ADDR_ANY4, &multicast_addr);
   }
 

esphome/components/esp32/helpers.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
+#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 
@@ -30,6 +31,45 @@ void Mutex::unlock() { xSemaphoreGive(this->handle_); }
 IRAM_ATTR InterruptLock::InterruptLock() { portDISABLE_INTERRUPTS(); }
 IRAM_ATTR InterruptLock::~InterruptLock() { portENABLE_INTERRUPTS(); }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING
+#include "lwip/priv/tcpip_priv.h"
+#endif
+
+LwIPLock::LwIPLock() {
+#ifdef CONFIG_LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING
+  // When CONFIG_LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING is enabled, lwIP uses a global mutex to protect
+  // its internal state. Any thread can take this lock to safely access lwIP APIs.
+  //
+  // sys_thread_tcpip(LWIP_CORE_LOCK_QUERY_HOLDER) returns true if the current thread
+  // already holds the lwIP core lock. This prevents recursive locking attempts and
+  // allows nested LwIPLock instances to work correctly.
+  //
+  // If we don't already hold the lock, acquire it. This will block until the lock
+  // is available if another thread currently holds it.
+  if (!sys_thread_tcpip(LWIP_CORE_LOCK_QUERY_HOLDER)) {
+    LOCK_TCPIP_CORE();
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+LwIPLock::~LwIPLock() {
+#ifdef CONFIG_LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING
+  // Only release the lwIP core lock if this thread currently holds it.
+  //
+  // sys_thread_tcpip(LWIP_CORE_LOCK_QUERY_HOLDER) queries lwIP's internal lock
+  // ownership tracking. It returns true only if the current thread is registered
+  // as the lock holder.
+  //
+  // This check is essential because:
+  // 1. We may not have acquired the lock in the constructor (if we already held it)
+  // 2. The lock might have been released by other means between constructor and destructor
+  // 3. Calling UNLOCK_TCPIP_CORE() without holding the lock causes undefined behavior
+  if (sys_thread_tcpip(LWIP_CORE_LOCK_QUERY_HOLDER)) {
+    UNLOCK_TCPIP_CORE();
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
 void get_mac_address_raw(uint8_t *mac) {  // NOLINT(readability-non-const-parameter)
 #if defined(CONFIG_SOC_IEEE802154_SUPPORTED)
   // When CONFIG_SOC_IEEE802154_SUPPORTED is defined, esp_efuse_mac_get_default

esphome/components/esp32_camera/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import logging
+
 from esphome import automation, pins
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import i2c
@@ -8,6 +10,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_CONTRAST,
     CONF_DATA_PINS,
     CONF_FREQUENCY,
+    CONF_I2C,
     CONF_I2C_ID,
     CONF_ID,
     CONF_PIN,
@@ -20,6 +23,9 @@ from esphome.const import (
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE
 from esphome.core.entity_helpers import setup_entity
+import esphome.final_validate as fv
+
+_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["esp32"]
 
@@ -250,6 +256,22 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     cv.has_exactly_one_key(CONF_I2C_PINS, CONF_I2C_ID),
 )
 
+
+def _final_validate(config):
+    if CONF_I2C_PINS not in config:
+        return
+    fconf = fv.full_config.get()
+    if fconf.get(CONF_I2C):
+        raise cv.Invalid(
+            "The `i2c_pins:` config option is incompatible with an dedicated `i2c:` block, use `i2c_id` instead"
+        )
+    _LOGGER.warning(
+        "The `i2c_pins:` config option is deprecated. Use `i2c_id:` with a dedicated `i2c:` definition instead."
+    )
+
+
+FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = _final_validate
+
 SETTERS = {
     # pin assignment
     CONF_DATA_PINS: "set_data_pins",

esphome/components/esp8266/helpers.cpp

@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@ void Mutex::unlock() {}
 IRAM_ATTR InterruptLock::InterruptLock() { state_ = xt_rsil(15); }
 IRAM_ATTR InterruptLock::~InterruptLock() { xt_wsr_ps(state_); }
 
+// ESP8266 doesn't support lwIP core locking, so this is a no-op
+LwIPLock::LwIPLock() {}
+LwIPLock::~LwIPLock() {}
+
 void get_mac_address_raw(uint8_t *mac) {  // NOLINT(readability-non-const-parameter)
   wifi_get_macaddr(STATION_IF, mac);
 }

esphome/components/ethernet/ethernet_component.cpp

@@ -420,6 +420,7 @@ network::IPAddresses EthernetComponent::get_ip_addresses() {
 }
 
 network::IPAddress EthernetComponent::get_dns_address(uint8_t num) {
+  LwIPLock lock;
   const ip_addr_t *dns_ip = dns_getserver(num);
   return dns_ip;
 }
@@ -527,6 +528,7 @@ void EthernetComponent::start_connect_() {
   ESPHL_ERROR_CHECK(err, "DHCPC set IP info error");
 
   if (this->manual_ip_.has_value()) {
+    LwIPLock lock;
     if (this->manual_ip_->dns1.is_set()) {
       ip_addr_t d;
       d = this->manual_ip_->dns1;
@@ -559,8 +561,13 @@ bool EthernetComponent::is_connected() { return this->state_ == EthernetComponen
 void EthernetComponent::dump_connect_params_() {
   esp_netif_ip_info_t ip;
   esp_netif_get_ip_info(this->eth_netif_, &ip);
-  const ip_addr_t *dns_ip1 = dns_getserver(0);
-  const ip_addr_t *dns_ip2 = dns_getserver(1);
+  const ip_addr_t *dns_ip1;
+  const ip_addr_t *dns_ip2;
+  {
+    LwIPLock lock;
+    dns_ip1 = dns_getserver(0);
+    dns_ip2 = dns_getserver(1);
+  }
 
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                 "  IP Address: %s\n"

esphome/components/gpio/binary_sensor/__init__.py

@@ -29,7 +29,21 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
     .extend(
         {
             cv.Required(CONF_PIN): pins.gpio_input_pin_schema,
-            cv.Optional(CONF_USE_INTERRUPT, default=True): cv.boolean,
+            # Interrupts are disabled by default for bk72xx, ln882x, and rtl87xx platforms
+            # due to hardware limitations or lack of reliable interrupt support. This ensures
+            # stable operation on these platforms. Future maintainers should verify platform
+            # capabilities before changing this default behavior.
+            cv.SplitDefault(
+                CONF_USE_INTERRUPT,
+                bk72xx=False,
+                esp32=True,
+                esp8266=True,
+                host=True,
+                ln882x=False,
+                nrf52=True,
+                rp2040=True,
+                rtl87xx=False,
+            ): cv.boolean,
             cv.Optional(CONF_INTERRUPT_TYPE, default="ANY"): cv.enum(
                 INTERRUPT_TYPES, upper=True
             ),

esphome/components/libretiny/helpers.cpp

@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@ void Mutex::unlock() { xSemaphoreGive(this->handle_); }
 IRAM_ATTR InterruptLock::InterruptLock() { portDISABLE_INTERRUPTS(); }
 IRAM_ATTR InterruptLock::~InterruptLock() { portENABLE_INTERRUPTS(); }
 
+// LibreTiny doesn't support lwIP core locking, so this is a no-op
+LwIPLock::LwIPLock() {}
+LwIPLock::~LwIPLock() {}
+
 void get_mac_address_raw(uint8_t *mac) {  // NOLINT(readability-non-const-parameter)
   WiFi.macAddress(mac);
 }

esphome/components/logger/__init__.py

@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ def validate_local_no_higher_than_global(value):
 Logger = logger_ns.class_("Logger", cg.Component)
 LoggerMessageTrigger = logger_ns.class_(
     "LoggerMessageTrigger",
-    automation.Trigger.template(cg.int_, cg.const_char_ptr, cg.const_char_ptr),
+    automation.Trigger.template(cg.uint8, cg.const_char_ptr, cg.const_char_ptr),
 )
 
 CONF_ESP8266_STORE_LOG_STRINGS_IN_FLASH = "esp8266_store_log_strings_in_flash"
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
         await automation.build_automation(
             trigger,
             [
-                (cg.int_, "level"),
+                (cg.uint8, "level"),
                 (cg.const_char_ptr, "tag"),
                 (cg.const_char_ptr, "message"),
             ],

esphome/components/lvgl/types.py

@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ class WidgetType:
 
 class NumberType(WidgetType):
     def get_max(self, config: dict):
-        return int(config[CONF_MAX_VALUE] or 100)
+        return int(config.get(CONF_MAX_VALUE, 100))
 
     def get_min(self, config: dict):
-        return int(config[CONF_MIN_VALUE] or 0)
+        return int(config.get(CONF_MIN_VALUE, 0))

esphome/components/lvgl/widgets/meter.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_VALUE,
     CONF_WIDTH,
 )
+from esphome.cpp_generator import IntLiteral
 
 from ..automation import action_to_code
 from ..defines import (
@@ -188,6 +189,8 @@ class MeterType(WidgetType):
             rotation = 90 + (360 - scale_conf[CONF_ANGLE_RANGE]) / 2
             if CONF_ROTATION in scale_conf:
                 rotation = await lv_angle.process(scale_conf[CONF_ROTATION])
+                if isinstance(rotation, IntLiteral):
+                    rotation = int(str(rotation)) // 10
             with LocalVariable(
                 "meter_var", "lv_meter_scale_t", lv_expr.meter_add_scale(var)
             ) as meter_var:
@@ -264,7 +267,7 @@ class MeterType(WidgetType):
                                 color_start,
                                 color_end,
                                 v[CONF_LOCAL],
-                                size.process(v[CONF_WIDTH]),
+                                await size.process(v[CONF_WIDTH]),
                             ),
                         )
                     if t == CONF_IMAGE:

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_client.cpp

@@ -193,13 +193,17 @@ void MQTTClientComponent::start_dnslookup_() {
   this->dns_resolve_error_ = false;
   this->dns_resolved_ = false;
   ip_addr_t addr;
+  err_t err;
+  {
+    LwIPLock lock;
 #if USE_NETWORK_IPV6
-  err_t err = dns_gethostbyname_addrtype(this->credentials_.address.c_str(), &addr,
-                                         MQTTClientComponent::dns_found_callback, this, LWIP_DNS_ADDRTYPE_IPV6_IPV4);
+    err = dns_gethostbyname_addrtype(this->credentials_.address.c_str(), &addr, MQTTClientComponent::dns_found_callback,
+                                     this, LWIP_DNS_ADDRTYPE_IPV6_IPV4);
 #else
-  err_t err = dns_gethostbyname_addrtype(this->credentials_.address.c_str(), &addr,
-                                         MQTTClientComponent::dns_found_callback, this, LWIP_DNS_ADDRTYPE_IPV4);
+    err = dns_gethostbyname_addrtype(this->credentials_.address.c_str(), &addr, MQTTClientComponent::dns_found_callback,
+                                     this, LWIP_DNS_ADDRTYPE_IPV4);
 #endif /* USE_NETWORK_IPV6 */
+  }
   switch (err) {
     case ERR_OK: {
       // Got IP immediately

esphome/components/rp2040/helpers.cpp

@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@ void Mutex::unlock() {}
 IRAM_ATTR InterruptLock::InterruptLock() { state_ = save_and_disable_interrupts(); }
 IRAM_ATTR InterruptLock::~InterruptLock() { restore_interrupts(state_); }
 
+// RP2040 doesn't support lwIP core locking, so this is a no-op
+LwIPLock::LwIPLock() {}
+LwIPLock::~LwIPLock() {}
+
 void get_mac_address_raw(uint8_t *mac) {  // NOLINT(readability-non-const-parameter)
 #ifdef USE_WIFI
   WiFi.macAddress(mac);

esphome/components/speaker/media_player/audio_pipeline.cpp

@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ AudioPipelineState AudioPipeline::process_state() {
       if ((this->read_task_handle_ != nullptr) || (this->decode_task_handle_ != nullptr)) {
         this->delete_tasks_();
         if (this->hard_stop_) {
-          // Stop command was sent, so immediately end of the playback
+          // Stop command was sent, so immediately end the playback
           this->speaker_->stop();
           this->hard_stop_ = false;
         } else {
@@ -210,13 +210,25 @@ AudioPipelineState AudioPipeline::process_state() {
       }
     }
     this->is_playing_ = false;
-    return AudioPipelineState::STOPPED;
+    if (!this->speaker_->is_running()) {
+      return AudioPipelineState::STOPPED;
+    } else {
+      this->is_finishing_ = true;
+    }
   }
 
   if (this->pause_state_) {
     return AudioPipelineState::PAUSED;
   }
 
+  if (this->is_finishing_) {
+    if (!this->speaker_->is_running()) {
+      this->is_finishing_ = false;
+    } else {
+      return AudioPipelineState::PLAYING;
+    }
+  }
+
   if ((this->read_task_handle_ == nullptr) && (this->decode_task_handle_ == nullptr)) {
     // No tasks are running, so the pipeline is stopped.
     xEventGroupClearBits(this->event_group_, EventGroupBits::PIPELINE_COMMAND_STOP);

esphome/components/speaker/media_player/audio_pipeline.h

@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ class AudioPipeline {
 
   bool hard_stop_{false};
   bool is_playing_{false};
+  bool is_finishing_{false};
   bool pause_state_{false};
   bool task_stack_in_psram_;
 

esphome/components/voice_assistant/voice_assistant.cpp

@@ -35,6 +35,27 @@ void VoiceAssistant::setup() {
       temp_ring_buffer->write((void *) data.data(), data.size());
     }
   });
+
+#ifdef USE_MEDIA_PLAYER
+  if (this->media_player_ != nullptr) {
+    this->media_player_->add_on_state_callback([this]() {
+      switch (this->media_player_->state) {
+        case media_player::MediaPlayerState::MEDIA_PLAYER_STATE_ANNOUNCING:
+          if (this->media_player_response_state_ == MediaPlayerResponseState::URL_SENT) {
+            // State changed to announcing after receiving the url
+            this->media_player_response_state_ = MediaPlayerResponseState::PLAYING;
+          }
+          break;
+        default:
+          if (this->media_player_response_state_ == MediaPlayerResponseState::PLAYING) {
+            // No longer announcing the TTS response
+            this->media_player_response_state_ = MediaPlayerResponseState::FINISHED;
+          }
+          break;
+      }
+    });
+  }
+#endif
 }
 
 float VoiceAssistant::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::AFTER_CONNECTION; }
@@ -223,6 +244,13 @@ void VoiceAssistant::loop() {
       msg.wake_word_phrase = this->wake_word_;
       this->wake_word_ = "";
 
+      // Reset media player state tracking
+#ifdef USE_MEDIA_PLAYER
+      if (this->media_player_ != nullptr) {
+        this->media_player_response_state_ = MediaPlayerResponseState::IDLE;
+      }
+#endif
+
       if (this->api_client_ == nullptr || !this->api_client_->send_message(msg)) {
         ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Could not request start");
         this->error_trigger_->trigger("not-connected", "Could not request start");
@@ -314,17 +342,10 @@ void VoiceAssistant::loop() {
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_MEDIA_PLAYER
       if (this->media_player_ != nullptr) {
-        playing = (this->media_player_->state == media_player::MediaPlayerState::MEDIA_PLAYER_STATE_ANNOUNCING);
+        playing = (this->media_player_response_state_ == MediaPlayerResponseState::PLAYING);
 
-        if (playing && this->media_player_wait_for_announcement_start_) {
-          // Announcement has started playing, wait for it to finish
-          this->media_player_wait_for_announcement_start_ = false;
-          this->media_player_wait_for_announcement_end_ = true;
-        }
-
-        if (!playing && this->media_player_wait_for_announcement_end_) {
-          // Announcement has finished playing
-          this->media_player_wait_for_announcement_end_ = false;
+        if (this->media_player_response_state_ == MediaPlayerResponseState::FINISHED) {
+          this->media_player_response_state_ = MediaPlayerResponseState::IDLE;
           this->cancel_timeout("playing");
           ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Announcement finished playing");
           this->set_state_(State::RESPONSE_FINISHED, State::RESPONSE_FINISHED);
@@ -555,7 +576,7 @@ void VoiceAssistant::request_stop() {
       break;
     case State::AWAITING_RESPONSE:
       this->signal_stop_();
-      // Fallthrough intended to stop a streaming TTS announcement that has potentially started
+      break;
     case State::STREAMING_RESPONSE:
 #ifdef USE_MEDIA_PLAYER
       // Stop any ongoing media player announcement
@@ -565,6 +586,10 @@ void VoiceAssistant::request_stop() {
             .set_announcement(true)
             .perform();
       }
+      if (this->started_streaming_tts_) {
+        // Haven't reached the TTS_END stage, so send the stop signal to HA.
+        this->signal_stop_();
+      }
 #endif
       break;
     case State::RESPONSE_FINISHED:
@@ -648,13 +673,16 @@ void VoiceAssistant::on_event(const api::VoiceAssistantEventResponse &msg) {
       if (this->media_player_ != nullptr) {
         for (const auto &arg : msg.data) {
           if ((arg.name == "tts_start_streaming") && (arg.value == "1") && !this->tts_response_url_.empty()) {
+            this->media_player_response_state_ = MediaPlayerResponseState::URL_SENT;
+
             this->media_player_->make_call().set_media_url(this->tts_response_url_).set_announcement(true).perform();
 
-            this->media_player_wait_for_announcement_start_ = true;
-            this->media_player_wait_for_announcement_end_ = false;
             this->started_streaming_tts_ = true;
+            this->start_playback_timeout_();
+
             tts_url_for_trigger = this->tts_response_url_;
             this->tts_response_url_.clear();  // Reset streaming URL
+            this->set_state_(State::STREAMING_RESPONSE, State::STREAMING_RESPONSE);
           }
         }
       }
@@ -713,18 +741,22 @@ void VoiceAssistant::on_event(const api::VoiceAssistantEventResponse &msg) {
       this->defer([this, url]() {
 #ifdef USE_MEDIA_PLAYER
         if ((this->media_player_ != nullptr) && (!this->started_streaming_tts_)) {
+          this->media_player_response_state_ = MediaPlayerResponseState::URL_SENT;
+
           this->media_player_->make_call().set_media_url(url).set_announcement(true).perform();
 
-          this->media_player_wait_for_announcement_start_ = true;
-          this->media_player_wait_for_announcement_end_ = false;
-          // Start the playback timeout, as the media player state isn't immediately updated
           this->start_playback_timeout_();
         }
+        this->started_streaming_tts_ = false;  // Helps indicate reaching the TTS_END stage
 #endif
         this->tts_end_trigger_->trigger(url);
       });
       State new_state = this->local_output_ ? State::STREAMING_RESPONSE : State::IDLE;
-      this->set_state_(new_state, new_state);
+      if (new_state != this->state_) {
+        // Don't needlessly change the state. The intent progress stage may have already changed the state to streaming
+        // response.
+        this->set_state_(new_state, new_state);
+      }
       break;
     }
     case api::enums::VOICE_ASSISTANT_RUN_END: {
@@ -875,6 +907,9 @@ void VoiceAssistant::on_announce(const api::VoiceAssistantAnnounceRequest &msg)
 #ifdef USE_MEDIA_PLAYER
   if (this->media_player_ != nullptr) {
     this->tts_start_trigger_->trigger(msg.text);
+
+    this->media_player_response_state_ = MediaPlayerResponseState::URL_SENT;
+
     if (!msg.preannounce_media_id.empty()) {
       this->media_player_->make_call().set_media_url(msg.preannounce_media_id).set_announcement(true).perform();
     }
@@ -886,9 +921,6 @@ void VoiceAssistant::on_announce(const api::VoiceAssistantAnnounceRequest &msg)
         .perform();
     this->continue_conversation_ = msg.start_conversation;
 
-    this->media_player_wait_for_announcement_start_ = true;
-    this->media_player_wait_for_announcement_end_ = false;
-    // Start the playback timeout, as the media player state isn't immediately updated
     this->start_playback_timeout_();
 
     if (this->continuous_) {

esphome/components/voice_assistant/voice_assistant.h

@@ -90,6 +90,15 @@ struct Configuration {
   uint32_t max_active_wake_words;
 };
 
+#ifdef USE_MEDIA_PLAYER
+enum class MediaPlayerResponseState {
+  IDLE,
+  URL_SENT,
+  PLAYING,
+  FINISHED,
+};
+#endif
+
 class VoiceAssistant : public Component {
  public:
   VoiceAssistant();
@@ -272,8 +281,8 @@ class VoiceAssistant : public Component {
   media_player::MediaPlayer *media_player_{nullptr};
   std::string tts_response_url_{""};
   bool started_streaming_tts_{false};
-  bool media_player_wait_for_announcement_start_{false};
-  bool media_player_wait_for_announcement_end_{false};
+
+  MediaPlayerResponseState media_player_response_state_{MediaPlayerResponseState::IDLE};
 #endif
 
   bool local_output_{false};

esphome/components/web_server/__init__.py

@@ -74,13 +74,14 @@ def validate_local(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
     return config
 
 
-def validate_ota_removed(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
-    # Only raise error if OTA is explicitly enabled (True)
-    # If it's False or not specified, we can safely ignore it
-    if config.get(CONF_OTA):
+def validate_ota(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
+    # The OTA option only accepts False to explicitly disable OTA for web_server
+    # IMPORTANT: Setting ota: false ONLY affects the web_server component
+    # The captive_portal component will still be able to perform OTA updates
+    if CONF_OTA in config and config[CONF_OTA] is not False:
         raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"The '{CONF_OTA}' option has been removed from 'web_server'. "
-            f"Please use the new OTA platform structure instead:\n\n"
+            f"The '{CONF_OTA}' option in 'web_server' only accepts 'false' to disable OTA. "
+            f"To enable OTA, please use the new OTA platform structure instead:\n\n"
             f"ota:\n"
             f"  - platform: web_server\n\n"
             f"See https://esphome.io/components/ota for more information."
@@ -185,7 +186,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
                 web_server_base.WebServerBase
             ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_INCLUDE_INTERNAL, default=False): cv.boolean,
-            cv.Optional(CONF_OTA, default=False): cv.boolean,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_OTA): cv.boolean,
             cv.Optional(CONF_LOG, default=True): cv.boolean,
             cv.Optional(CONF_LOCAL): cv.boolean,
             cv.Optional(CONF_SORTING_GROUPS): cv.ensure_list(sorting_group),
@@ -203,7 +204,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     default_url,
     validate_local,
     validate_sorting_groups,
-    validate_ota_removed,
+    validate_ota,
 )
 
 
@@ -288,7 +289,11 @@ async def to_code(config):
         cg.add(var.set_css_url(config[CONF_CSS_URL]))
         cg.add(var.set_js_url(config[CONF_JS_URL]))
     # OTA is now handled by the web_server OTA platform
-    # The CONF_OTA option is kept only for backwards compatibility validation
+    # The CONF_OTA option is kept to allow explicitly disabling OTA for web_server
+    # IMPORTANT: This ONLY affects the web_server component, NOT captive_portal
+    # Captive portal will still be able to perform OTA updates even when this is set
+    if config.get(CONF_OTA) is False:
+        cg.add_define("USE_WEBSERVER_OTA_DISABLED")
     cg.add(var.set_expose_log(config[CONF_LOG]))
     if config[CONF_ENABLE_PRIVATE_NETWORK_ACCESS]:
         cg.add_define("USE_WEBSERVER_PRIVATE_NETWORK_ACCESS")

esphome/components/web_server/ota/ota_web_server.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
+#ifdef USE_CAPTIVE_PORTAL
+#include "esphome/components/captive_portal/captive_portal.h"
+#endif
+
 #ifdef USE_ARDUINO
 #ifdef USE_ESP8266
 #include <Updater.h>
@@ -25,7 +29,22 @@ class OTARequestHandler : public AsyncWebHandler {
   void handleUpload(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, const String &filename, size_t index, uint8_t *data, size_t len,
                     bool final) override;
   bool canHandle(AsyncWebServerRequest *request) const override {
-    return request->url() == "/update" && request->method() == HTTP_POST;
+    // Check if this is an OTA update request
+    bool is_ota_request = request->url() == "/update" && request->method() == HTTP_POST;
+
+#if defined(USE_WEBSERVER_OTA_DISABLED) && defined(USE_CAPTIVE_PORTAL)
+    // IMPORTANT: USE_WEBSERVER_OTA_DISABLED only disables OTA for the web_server component
+    // Captive portal can still perform OTA updates - check if request is from active captive portal
+    // Note: global_captive_portal is the standard way components communicate in ESPHome
+    return is_ota_request && captive_portal::global_captive_portal != nullptr &&
+           captive_portal::global_captive_portal->is_active();
+#elif defined(USE_WEBSERVER_OTA_DISABLED)
+    // OTA disabled for web_server and no captive portal compiled in
+    return false;
+#else
+    // OTA enabled for web_server
+    return is_ota_request;
+#endif
   }
 
   // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-identifier-naming)
@@ -152,7 +171,7 @@ void OTARequestHandler::handleUpload(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, const Strin
 
   // Finalize
   if (final) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "OTA final chunk: index=%u, len=%u, total_read=%u, contentLength=%u", index, len,
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "OTA final chunk: index=%zu, len=%zu, total_read=%u, contentLength=%zu", index, len,
              this->ota_read_length_, request->contentLength());
 
     // For Arduino framework, the Update library tracks expected size from firmware header

esphome/components/web_server/web_server.cpp

@@ -268,10 +268,10 @@ std::string WebServer::get_config_json() {
   return json::build_json([this](JsonObject root) {
     root["title"] = App.get_friendly_name().empty() ? App.get_name() : App.get_friendly_name();
     root["comment"] = App.get_comment();
-#ifdef USE_WEBSERVER_OTA
-    root["ota"] = true;  // web_server OTA platform is configured
+#if defined(USE_WEBSERVER_OTA_DISABLED) || !defined(USE_WEBSERVER_OTA)
+    root["ota"] = false;  // Note: USE_WEBSERVER_OTA_DISABLED only affects web_server, not captive_portal
 #else
-    root["ota"] = false;
+    root["ota"] = true;
 #endif
     root["log"] = this->expose_log_;
     root["lang"] = "en";
@@ -1620,7 +1620,9 @@ void WebServer::handle_event_request(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, const UrlMa
   request->send(404);
 }
 
-static std::string get_event_type(event::Event *event) { return event->last_event_type ? *event->last_event_type : ""; }
+static std::string get_event_type(event::Event *event) {
+  return (event && event->last_event_type) ? *event->last_event_type : "";
+}
 
 std::string WebServer::event_state_json_generator(WebServer *web_server, void *source) {
   auto *event = static_cast<event::Event *>(source);

esphome/components/web_server/web_server_v1.cpp

@@ -192,7 +192,9 @@ void WebServer::handle_index_request(AsyncWebServerRequest *request) {
 
   stream->print(F("</tbody></table><p>See <a href=\"https://esphome.io/web-api/index.html\">ESPHome Web API</a> for "
                   "REST API documentation.</p>"));
-#ifdef USE_WEBSERVER_OTA
+#if defined(USE_WEBSERVER_OTA) && !defined(USE_WEBSERVER_OTA_DISABLED)
+  // Show OTA form only if web_server OTA is not explicitly disabled
+  // Note: USE_WEBSERVER_OTA_DISABLED only affects web_server, not captive_portal
   stream->print(F("<h2>OTA Update</h2><form method=\"POST\" action=\"/update\" enctype=\"multipart/form-data\"><input "
                   "type=\"file\" name=\"update\"><input type=\"submit\" value=\"Update\"></form>"));
 #endif

esphome/components/wifi/wifi_component_esp32_arduino.cpp

@@ -20,10 +20,6 @@
 #include "lwip/dns.h"
 #include "lwip/err.h"
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING
-#include "lwip/priv/tcpip_priv.h"
-#endif
-
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
@@ -295,25 +291,16 @@ bool WiFiComponent::wifi_sta_ip_config_(optional<ManualIP> manual_ip) {
   }
 
   if (!manual_ip.has_value()) {
-// sntp_servermode_dhcp lwip/sntp.c (Required to lock TCPIP core functionality!)
-// https://github.com/esphome/issues/issues/6591
-// https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/issues/10526
-#ifdef CONFIG_LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING
-    if (!sys_thread_tcpip(LWIP_CORE_LOCK_QUERY_HOLDER)) {
-      LOCK_TCPIP_CORE();
+    // sntp_servermode_dhcp lwip/sntp.c (Required to lock TCPIP core functionality!)
+    // https://github.com/esphome/issues/issues/6591
+    // https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/issues/10526
+    {
+      LwIPLock lock;
+      // lwIP starts the SNTP client if it gets an SNTP server from DHCP. We don't need the time, and more importantly,
+      // the built-in SNTP client has a memory leak in certain situations. Disable this feature.
+      // https://github.com/esphome/issues/issues/2299
+      sntp_servermode_dhcp(false);
     }
-#endif
-
-    // lwIP starts the SNTP client if it gets an SNTP server from DHCP. We don't need the time, and more importantly,
-    // the built-in SNTP client has a memory leak in certain situations. Disable this feature.
-    // https://github.com/esphome/issues/issues/2299
-    sntp_servermode_dhcp(false);
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING
-    if (sys_thread_tcpip(LWIP_CORE_LOCK_QUERY_HOLDER)) {
-      UNLOCK_TCPIP_CORE();
-    }
-#endif
 
     // No manual IP is set; use DHCP client
     if (dhcp_status != ESP_NETIF_DHCP_STARTED) {

esphome/components/wireguard/wireguard.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/time.h"
 #include "esphome/components/network/util.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
 #include <esp_wireguard.h>
 #include <esp_wireguard_err.h>
@@ -42,7 +43,10 @@ void Wireguard::setup() {
 
   this->publish_enabled_state();
 
-  this->wg_initialized_ = esp_wireguard_init(&(this->wg_config_), &(this->wg_ctx_));
+  {
+    LwIPLock lock;
+    this->wg_initialized_ = esp_wireguard_init(&(this->wg_config_), &(this->wg_ctx_));
+  }
 
   if (this->wg_initialized_ == ESP_OK) {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Initialized");
@@ -249,7 +253,10 @@ void Wireguard::start_connection_() {
   }
 
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Starting connection");
-  this->wg_connected_ = esp_wireguard_connect(&(this->wg_ctx_));
+  {
+    LwIPLock lock;
+    this->wg_connected_ = esp_wireguard_connect(&(this->wg_ctx_));
+  }
 
   if (this->wg_connected_ == ESP_OK) {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Connection started");
@@ -280,7 +287,10 @@ void Wireguard::start_connection_() {
 void Wireguard::stop_connection_() {
   if (this->wg_initialized_ == ESP_OK && this->wg_connected_ == ESP_OK) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Stopping connection");
-    esp_wireguard_disconnect(&(this->wg_ctx_));
+    {
+      LwIPLock lock;
+      esp_wireguard_disconnect(&(this->wg_ctx_));
+    }
     this->wg_connected_ = ESP_FAIL;
   }
 }

esphome/const.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from enum import Enum
 
 from esphome.enum import StrEnum
 
-__version__ = "2025.7.0"
+__version__ = "2025.7.2"
 
 ALLOWED_NAME_CHARS = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-_"
 VALID_SUBSTITUTIONS_CHARACTERS = (

esphome/core/base_automation.h

@@ -158,14 +158,14 @@ template<typename... Ts> class DelayAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Compon
   void play_complex(Ts... x) override {
     auto f = std::bind(&DelayAction<Ts...>::play_next_, this, x...);
     this->num_running_++;
-    this->set_timeout(this->delay_.value(x...), f);
+    this->set_timeout("delay", this->delay_.value(x...), f);
   }
   float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::HARDWARE; }
 
   void play(Ts... x) override { /* ignore - see play_complex */
   }
 
-  void stop() override { this->cancel_timeout(""); }
+  void stop() override { this->cancel_timeout("delay"); }
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class LambdaAction : public Action<Ts...> {

esphome/core/component.cpp

@@ -252,10 +252,10 @@ void Component::defer(const char *name, std::function<void()> &&f) {  // NOLINT
   App.scheduler.set_timeout(this, name, 0, std::move(f));
 }
 void Component::set_timeout(uint32_t timeout, std::function<void()> &&f) {  // NOLINT
-  App.scheduler.set_timeout(this, "", timeout, std::move(f));
+  App.scheduler.set_timeout(this, static_cast<const char *>(nullptr), timeout, std::move(f));
 }
 void Component::set_interval(uint32_t interval, std::function<void()> &&f) {  // NOLINT
-  App.scheduler.set_interval(this, "", interval, std::move(f));
+  App.scheduler.set_interval(this, static_cast<const char *>(nullptr), interval, std::move(f));
 }
 void Component::set_retry(uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts, std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> &&f,
                           float backoff_increase_factor) {  // NOLINT

esphome/core/event_pool.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
+#if defined(USE_ESP32)
 
 #include <atomic>
 #include <cstddef>
@@ -78,4 +78,4 @@ template<class T, uint8_t SIZE> class EventPool {
 
 }  // namespace esphome
 
-#endif  // defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
+#endif  // defined(USE_ESP32)

esphome/core/helpers.h

@@ -683,6 +683,23 @@ class InterruptLock {
 #endif
 };
 
+/** Helper class to lock the lwIP TCPIP core when making lwIP API calls from non-TCPIP threads.
+ *
+ * This is needed on multi-threaded platforms (ESP32) when CONFIG_LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING is enabled.
+ * It ensures thread-safe access to lwIP APIs.
+ *
+ * @note This follows the same pattern as InterruptLock - platform-specific implementations in helpers.cpp
+ */
+class LwIPLock {
+ public:
+  LwIPLock();
+  ~LwIPLock();
+
+  // Delete copy constructor and copy assignment operator to prevent accidental copying
+  LwIPLock(const LwIPLock &) = delete;
+  LwIPLock &operator=(const LwIPLock &) = delete;
+};
+
 /** Helper class to request `loop()` to be called as fast as possible.
  *
  * Usually the ESPHome main loop runs at 60 Hz, sleeping in between invocations of `loop()` if necessary. When a higher

esphome/core/lock_free_queue.h

@@ -1,17 +1,12 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
+#if defined(USE_ESP32)
 
 #include <atomic>
 #include <cstddef>
 
-#if defined(USE_ESP32)
 #include <freertos/FreeRTOS.h>
 #include <freertos/task.h>
-#elif defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
-#include <FreeRTOS.h>
-#include <task.h>
-#endif
 
 /*
  * Lock-free queue for single-producer single-consumer scenarios.
@@ -148,4 +143,4 @@ template<class T, uint8_t SIZE> class NotifyingLockFreeQueue : public LockFreeQu
 
 }  // namespace esphome
 
-#endif  // defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
+#endif  // defined(USE_ESP32)

esphome/core/scheduler.cpp

@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ bool HOT Scheduler::cancel_item_(Component *component, bool is_static_string, co
 // Helper to cancel items by name - must be called with lock held
 bool HOT Scheduler::cancel_item_locked_(Component *component, const char *name_cstr, SchedulerItem::Type type) {
   // Early return if name is invalid - no items to cancel
-  if (name_cstr == nullptr || name_cstr[0] == '\0') {
+  if (name_cstr == nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
 

esphome/core/scheduler.h

@@ -114,16 +114,17 @@ class Scheduler {
         name_is_dynamic = false;
       }
 
-      if (!name || !name[0]) {
+      if (!name) {
+        // nullptr case - no name provided
         name_.static_name = nullptr;
       } else if (make_copy) {
-        // Make a copy for dynamic strings
+        // Make a copy for dynamic strings (including empty strings)
         size_t len = strlen(name);
         name_.dynamic_name = new char[len + 1];
         memcpy(name_.dynamic_name, name, len + 1);
         name_is_dynamic = true;
       } else {
-        // Use static string directly
+        // Use static string directly (including empty strings)
         name_.static_name = name;
       }
     }

esphome/util.py

@@ -147,6 +147,13 @@ class RedirectText:
                     continue
 
                 self._write_color_replace(line)
+                # Check for flash size error and provide helpful guidance
+                if (
+                    "Error: The program size" in line
+                    and "is greater than maximum allowed" in line
+                    and (help_msg := get_esp32_arduino_flash_error_help())
+                ):
+                    self._write_color_replace(help_msg)
         else:
             self._write_color_replace(s)
 
@@ -309,3 +316,34 @@ def get_serial_ports() -> list[SerialPort]:
 
     result.sort(key=lambda x: x.path)
     return result
+
+
+def get_esp32_arduino_flash_error_help() -> str | None:
+    """Returns helpful message when ESP32 with Arduino runs out of flash space."""
+    from esphome.core import CORE
+
+    if not (CORE.is_esp32 and CORE.using_arduino):
+        return None
+
+    from esphome.log import AnsiFore, color
+
+    return (
+        "\n"
+        + color(
+            AnsiFore.YELLOW,
+            "💡 TIP: Your ESP32 with Arduino framework has run out of flash space.\n",
+        )
+        + "\n"
+        + "To fix this, switch to the ESP-IDF framework which is more memory efficient:\n"
+        + "\n"
+        + "1. In your YAML configuration, modify the framework section:\n"
+        + "\n"
+        + "   esp32:\n"
+        + "     framework:\n"
+        + "       type: esp-idf\n"
+        + "\n"
+        + "2. Clean build files and compile again\n"
+        + "\n"
+        + "Note: ESP-IDF uses less flash space and provides better performance.\n"
+        + "Some Arduino-specific libraries may need alternatives.\n\n"
+    )

platformio.ini

@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ lib_deps =
     WiFi                                 ; wifi,web_server_base,ethernet (Arduino built-in)
     Update                               ; ota,web_server_base (Arduino built-in)
     ${common:arduino.lib_deps}
-    ESP32Async/AsyncTCP@3.4.4            ; async_tcp
+    ESP32Async/AsyncTCP@3.4.5            ; async_tcp
     NetworkClientSecure                  ; http_request,nextion (Arduino built-in)
     HTTPClient                           ; http_request,nextion (Arduino built-in)
     ESPmDNS                              ; mdns (Arduino built-in)

tests/component_tests/web_server/test_ota_migration.py

@@ -8,31 +8,31 @@ from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
 def test_web_server_ota_true_fails_validation() -> None:
     """Test that web_server with ota: true fails validation with helpful message."""
-    from esphome.components.web_server import validate_ota_removed
+    from esphome.components.web_server import validate_ota
 
     # Config with ota: true should fail
     config: ConfigType = {"ota": True}
 
     with pytest.raises(cv.Invalid) as exc_info:
-        validate_ota_removed(config)
+        validate_ota(config)
 
     # Check error message contains migration instructions
     error_msg = str(exc_info.value)
-    assert "has been removed from 'web_server'" in error_msg
+    assert "only accepts 'false' to disable OTA" in error_msg
     assert "platform: web_server" in error_msg
     assert "ota:" in error_msg
 
 
 def test_web_server_ota_false_passes_validation() -> None:
     """Test that web_server with ota: false passes validation."""
-    from esphome.components.web_server import validate_ota_removed
+    from esphome.components.web_server import validate_ota
 
     # Config with ota: false should pass
     config: ConfigType = {"ota": False}
-    result = validate_ota_removed(config)
+    result = validate_ota(config)
     assert result == config
 
     # Config without ota should also pass
     config: ConfigType = {}
-    result = validate_ota_removed(config)
+    result = validate_ota(config)
     assert result == config

tests/components/logger/test-on_message.host.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+logger:
+  id: logger_id
+  level: DEBUG
+  on_message:
+    - level: DEBUG
+      then:
+        - lambda: |-
+            ESP_LOGD("test", "Got message level %d: %s - %s", level, tag, message);
+    - level: WARN
+      then:
+        - lambda: |-
+            ESP_LOGW("test", "Warning level %d from %s", level, tag);
+    - level: ERROR
+      then:
+        - lambda: |-
+            // Test that level is uint8_t by using it in calculations
+            uint8_t adjusted_level = level + 1;
+            ESP_LOGE("test", "Error with adjusted level %d", adjusted_level);

tests/components/lvgl/lvgl-package.yaml

@@ -928,6 +928,12 @@ lvgl:
                           angle_range: 360
                           rotation: !lambda return 2700;
                           indicators:
+                            - tick_style:
+                                start_value: 0
+                                end_value: 60
+                                color_start: 0x0000bd
+                                color_end: 0xbd0000
+                                width: !lambda return 1;
                             - line:
                                 opa: 50%
                                 id: minute_hand

tests/integration/fixtures/api_string_lambda.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+esphome:
+  name: api-string-lambda-test
+host:
+
+api:
+  actions:
+    # Service that tests string lambda functionality
+    - action: test_string_lambda
+      variables:
+        input_string: string
+      then:
+        # Log the input to verify service was called
+        - logger.log:
+            format: "Service called with string: %s"
+            args: [input_string.c_str()]
+
+        # This is the key test - using a lambda that returns x.c_str()
+        # where x is already a string. This would fail to compile in 2025.7.0b5
+        # with "no matching function for call to 'to_string(std::string)'"
+        # This is the exact case from issue #9539
+        - homeassistant.tag_scanned: !lambda 'return input_string.c_str();'
+
+        # Also test with homeassistant.event to verify our fix works with data fields
+        - homeassistant.event:
+            event: esphome.test_string_lambda
+            data:
+              value: !lambda 'return input_string.c_str();'
+
+    # Service that tests int lambda functionality
+    - action: test_int_lambda
+      variables:
+        input_number: int
+      then:
+        # Log the input to verify service was called
+        - logger.log:
+            format: "Service called with int: %d"
+            args: [input_number]
+
+        # Test that int lambdas still work correctly with to_string
+        # The TemplatableStringValue should automatically convert int to string
+        - homeassistant.event:
+            event: esphome.test_int_lambda
+            data:
+              value: !lambda 'return input_number;'
+
+    # Service that tests float lambda functionality
+    - action: test_float_lambda
+      variables:
+        input_float: float
+      then:
+        # Log the input to verify service was called
+        - logger.log:
+            format: "Service called with float: %.2f"
+            args: [input_float]
+
+        # Test that float lambdas still work correctly with to_string
+        # The TemplatableStringValue should automatically convert float to string
+        - homeassistant.event:
+            event: esphome.test_float_lambda
+            data:
+              value: !lambda 'return input_float;'
+
+    # Service that tests char* lambda functionality (e.g., from itoa or sprintf)
+    - action: test_char_ptr_lambda
+      variables:
+        input_number: int
+        input_string: string
+      then:
+        # Log the input to verify service was called
+        - logger.log:
+            format: "Service called with number for char* test: %d"
+            args: [input_number]
+
+        # Test that char* lambdas work correctly
+        # This would fail in issue #9628 with "invalid conversion from 'char*' to 'long long unsigned int'"
+        - homeassistant.event:
+            event: esphome.test_char_ptr_lambda
+            data:
+              # Test snprintf returning char*
+              decimal_value: !lambda 'static char buffer[20]; snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%d", input_number); return buffer;'
+              # Test strdup returning char* (dynamically allocated)
+              string_copy: !lambda 'return strdup(input_string.c_str());'
+              # Test string literal (const char*)
+              literal: !lambda 'return "test literal";'
+
+logger:
+  level: DEBUG

tests/integration/fixtures/delay_action_cancellation.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+esphome:
+  name: test-delay-action
+
+host:
+api:
+  actions:
+    - action: start_delay_then_restart
+      then:
+        - logger.log: "Starting first script execution"
+        - script.execute: test_delay_script
+        - delay: 250ms  # Give first script time to start delay
+        - logger.log: "Restarting script (should cancel first delay)"
+        - script.execute: test_delay_script
+
+logger:
+  level: DEBUG
+
+script:
+  - id: test_delay_script
+    mode: restart
+    then:
+      - logger.log: "Script started, beginning delay"
+      - delay: 500ms  # Long enough that it won't complete before restart
+      - logger.log: "Delay completed successfully"

tests/integration/fixtures/scheduler_string_test.yaml

@@ -4,9 +4,7 @@ esphome:
     priority: -100
     then:
       - logger.log: "Starting scheduler string tests"
-  platformio_options:
-    build_flags:
-      - "-DESPHOME_DEBUG_SCHEDULER"  # Enable scheduler debug logging
+  debug_scheduler: true  # Enable scheduler debug logging
 
 host:
 api:
@@ -32,6 +30,12 @@ globals:
   - id: results_reported
     type: bool
     initial_value: 'false'
+  - id: edge_tests_done
+    type: bool
+    initial_value: 'false'
+  - id: empty_cancel_failed
+    type: bool
+    initial_value: 'false'
 
 script:
   - id: test_static_strings
@@ -147,12 +151,106 @@ script:
           static TestDynamicDeferComponent test_dynamic_defer_component;
           test_dynamic_defer_component.test_dynamic_defer();
 
+  - id: test_cancellation_edge_cases
+    then:
+      - logger.log: "Testing cancellation edge cases"
+      - lambda: |-
+          auto *component1 = id(test_sensor1);
+          // Use a different component for empty string tests to avoid interference
+          auto *component2 = id(test_sensor2);
+
+          // Test 12: Cancel with empty string - regression test for issue #9599
+          // First create a timeout with empty name on component2 to avoid interference
+          App.scheduler.set_timeout(component2, "", 500, []() {
+            ESP_LOGE("test", "ERROR: Empty name timeout fired - it should have been cancelled!");
+            id(empty_cancel_failed) = true;
+          });
+
+          // Now cancel it - this should work after our fix
+          bool cancelled_empty = App.scheduler.cancel_timeout(component2, "");
+          ESP_LOGI("test", "Cancel empty string result: %s (should be true)", cancelled_empty ? "true" : "false");
+          if (!cancelled_empty) {
+            ESP_LOGE("test", "ERROR: Failed to cancel empty string timeout!");
+            id(empty_cancel_failed) = true;
+          }
+
+          // Test 13: Cancel non-existent timeout
+          bool cancelled_nonexistent = App.scheduler.cancel_timeout(component1, "does_not_exist");
+          ESP_LOGI("test", "Cancel non-existent timeout result: %s",
+                   cancelled_nonexistent ? "true (unexpected!)" : "false (expected)");
+
+          // Test 14: Multiple timeouts with same name - only last should execute
+          for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            App.scheduler.set_timeout(component1, "duplicate_timeout", 200 + i*10, [i]() {
+              ESP_LOGI("test", "Duplicate timeout %d fired", i);
+              id(timeout_counter) += 1;
+            });
+          }
+          ESP_LOGI("test", "Created 5 timeouts with same name 'duplicate_timeout'");
+
+          // Test 15: Multiple intervals with same name - only last should run
+          for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            App.scheduler.set_interval(component1, "duplicate_interval", 300, [i]() {
+              ESP_LOGI("test", "Duplicate interval %d fired", i);
+              id(interval_counter) += 10; // Large increment to detect multiple
+              // Cancel after first execution
+              App.scheduler.cancel_interval(id(test_sensor1), "duplicate_interval");
+            });
+          }
+          ESP_LOGI("test", "Created 3 intervals with same name 'duplicate_interval'");
+
+          // Test 16: Cancel with nullptr protection (via empty const char*)
+          const char* null_name = "";
+          App.scheduler.set_timeout(component2, null_name, 600, []() {
+            ESP_LOGE("test", "ERROR: Const char* empty timeout fired - should have been cancelled!");
+            id(empty_cancel_failed) = true;
+          });
+          bool cancelled_const_empty = App.scheduler.cancel_timeout(component2, null_name);
+          ESP_LOGI("test", "Cancel const char* empty result: %s (should be true)",
+                   cancelled_const_empty ? "true" : "false");
+          if (!cancelled_const_empty) {
+            ESP_LOGE("test", "ERROR: Failed to cancel const char* empty timeout!");
+            id(empty_cancel_failed) = true;
+          }
+
+          // Test 17: Rapid create/cancel/create with same name
+          App.scheduler.set_timeout(component1, "rapid_test", 5000, []() {
+            ESP_LOGI("test", "First rapid timeout - should not fire");
+            id(timeout_counter) += 100;
+          });
+          App.scheduler.cancel_timeout(component1, "rapid_test");
+          App.scheduler.set_timeout(component1, "rapid_test", 250, []() {
+            ESP_LOGI("test", "Second rapid timeout - should fire");
+            id(timeout_counter) += 1;
+          });
+
+          // Test 18: Cancel all with a specific name (multiple instances)
+          // Create multiple with same name
+          App.scheduler.set_timeout(component1, "multi_cancel", 300, []() {
+            ESP_LOGI("test", "Multi-cancel timeout 1");
+          });
+          App.scheduler.set_timeout(component1, "multi_cancel", 350, []() {
+            ESP_LOGI("test", "Multi-cancel timeout 2");
+          });
+          App.scheduler.set_timeout(component1, "multi_cancel", 400, []() {
+            ESP_LOGI("test", "Multi-cancel timeout 3 - only this should fire");
+            id(timeout_counter) += 1;
+          });
+          // Note: Each set_timeout with same name cancels the previous one automatically
+
   - id: report_results
     then:
       - lambda: |-
           ESP_LOGI("test", "Final results - Timeouts: %d, Intervals: %d",
                    id(timeout_counter), id(interval_counter));
 
+          // Check if empty string cancellation test passed
+          if (id(empty_cancel_failed)) {
+            ESP_LOGE("test", "ERROR: Empty string cancellation test FAILED!");
+          } else {
+            ESP_LOGI("test", "Empty string cancellation test PASSED");
+          }
+
 sensor:
   - platform: template
     name: Test Sensor 1
@@ -189,12 +287,23 @@ interval:
             - delay: 0.2s
             - script.execute: test_dynamic_strings
 
+  # Run cancellation edge case tests after dynamic tests
+  - interval: 0.2s
+    then:
+      - if:
+          condition:
+            lambda: 'return id(dynamic_tests_done) && !id(edge_tests_done);'
+          then:
+            - lambda: 'id(edge_tests_done) = true;'
+            - delay: 0.5s
+            - script.execute: test_cancellation_edge_cases
+
   # Report results after all tests
   - interval: 0.2s
     then:
       - if:
           condition:
-            lambda: 'return id(dynamic_tests_done) && !id(results_reported);'
+            lambda: 'return id(edge_tests_done) && !id(results_reported);'
           then:
             - lambda: 'id(results_reported) = true;'
             - delay: 1s

tests/integration/test_api_string_lambda.py

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+"""Integration test for TemplatableStringValue with string lambdas."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import re
+
+import pytest
+
+from .types import APIClientConnectedFactory, RunCompiledFunction
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_api_string_lambda(
+    yaml_config: str,
+    run_compiled: RunCompiledFunction,
+    api_client_connected: APIClientConnectedFactory,
+) -> None:
+    """Test TemplatableStringValue works with lambdas that return different types."""
+    loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+
+    # Track log messages for all four service calls
+    string_called_future = loop.create_future()
+    int_called_future = loop.create_future()
+    float_called_future = loop.create_future()
+    char_ptr_called_future = loop.create_future()
+
+    # Patterns to match in logs - confirms the lambdas compiled and executed
+    string_pattern = re.compile(r"Service called with string: STRING_FROM_LAMBDA")
+    int_pattern = re.compile(r"Service called with int: 42")
+    float_pattern = re.compile(r"Service called with float: 3\.14")
+    char_ptr_pattern = re.compile(r"Service called with number for char\* test: 123")
+
+    def check_output(line: str) -> None:
+        """Check log output for expected messages."""
+        if not string_called_future.done() and string_pattern.search(line):
+            string_called_future.set_result(True)
+        if not int_called_future.done() and int_pattern.search(line):
+            int_called_future.set_result(True)
+        if not float_called_future.done() and float_pattern.search(line):
+            float_called_future.set_result(True)
+        if not char_ptr_called_future.done() and char_ptr_pattern.search(line):
+            char_ptr_called_future.set_result(True)
+
+    # Run with log monitoring
+    async with (
+        run_compiled(yaml_config, line_callback=check_output),
+        api_client_connected() as client,
+    ):
+        # Verify device info
+        device_info = await client.device_info()
+        assert device_info is not None
+        assert device_info.name == "api-string-lambda-test"
+
+        # List services to find our test services
+        _, services = await client.list_entities_services()
+
+        # Find all test services
+        string_service = next(
+            (s for s in services if s.name == "test_string_lambda"), None
+        )
+        assert string_service is not None, "test_string_lambda service not found"
+
+        int_service = next((s for s in services if s.name == "test_int_lambda"), None)
+        assert int_service is not None, "test_int_lambda service not found"
+
+        float_service = next(
+            (s for s in services if s.name == "test_float_lambda"), None
+        )
+        assert float_service is not None, "test_float_lambda service not found"
+
+        char_ptr_service = next(
+            (s for s in services if s.name == "test_char_ptr_lambda"), None
+        )
+        assert char_ptr_service is not None, "test_char_ptr_lambda service not found"
+
+        # Execute all four services to test different lambda return types
+        client.execute_service(string_service, {"input_string": "STRING_FROM_LAMBDA"})
+        client.execute_service(int_service, {"input_number": 42})
+        client.execute_service(float_service, {"input_float": 3.14})
+        client.execute_service(
+            char_ptr_service, {"input_number": 123, "input_string": "test_string"}
+        )
+
+        # Wait for all service log messages
+        # This confirms the lambdas compiled successfully and executed
+        try:
+            await asyncio.wait_for(
+                asyncio.gather(
+                    string_called_future,
+                    int_called_future,
+                    float_called_future,
+                    char_ptr_called_future,
+                ),
+                timeout=5.0,
+            )
+        except TimeoutError:
+            pytest.fail(
+                "One or more service log messages not received - lambda may have failed to compile or execute"
+            )

tests/integration/test_automations.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+"""Test ESPHome automations functionality."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import re
+
+import pytest
+
+from .types import APIClientConnectedFactory, RunCompiledFunction
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_delay_action_cancellation(
+    yaml_config: str,
+    run_compiled: RunCompiledFunction,
+    api_client_connected: APIClientConnectedFactory,
+) -> None:
+    """Test that delay actions can be properly cancelled when script restarts."""
+    loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+
+    # Track log messages with timestamps
+    log_entries: list[tuple[float, str]] = []
+    script_starts: list[float] = []
+    delay_completions: list[float] = []
+    script_restart_logged = False
+    test_started_time = None
+
+    # Patterns to match
+    test_start_pattern = re.compile(r"Starting first script execution")
+    script_start_pattern = re.compile(r"Script started, beginning delay")
+    restart_pattern = re.compile(r"Restarting script \(should cancel first delay\)")
+    delay_complete_pattern = re.compile(r"Delay completed successfully")
+
+    # Future to track when we can check results
+    second_script_started = loop.create_future()
+
+    def check_output(line: str) -> None:
+        """Check log output for expected messages."""
+        nonlocal script_restart_logged, test_started_time
+
+        current_time = loop.time()
+        log_entries.append((current_time, line))
+
+        if test_start_pattern.search(line):
+            test_started_time = current_time
+        elif script_start_pattern.search(line) and test_started_time:
+            script_starts.append(current_time)
+            if len(script_starts) == 2 and not second_script_started.done():
+                second_script_started.set_result(True)
+        elif restart_pattern.search(line):
+            script_restart_logged = True
+        elif delay_complete_pattern.search(line):
+            delay_completions.append(current_time)
+
+    async with (
+        run_compiled(yaml_config, line_callback=check_output),
+        api_client_connected() as client,
+    ):
+        # Get services
+        entities, services = await client.list_entities_services()
+
+        # Find our test service
+        test_service = next(
+            (s for s in services if s.name == "start_delay_then_restart"), None
+        )
+        assert test_service is not None, "start_delay_then_restart service not found"
+
+        # Execute the test sequence
+        client.execute_service(test_service, {})
+
+        # Wait for the second script to start
+        await asyncio.wait_for(second_script_started, timeout=5.0)
+
+        # Wait for potential delay completion
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.75)  # Original delay was 500ms
+
+        # Check results
+        assert len(script_starts) == 2, (
+            f"Script should have started twice, but started {len(script_starts)} times"
+        )
+        assert script_restart_logged, "Script restart was not logged"
+
+        # Verify we got exactly one completion and it happened ~500ms after the second start
+        assert len(delay_completions) == 1, (
+            f"Expected 1 delay completion, got {len(delay_completions)}"
+        )
+        time_from_second_start = delay_completions[0] - script_starts[1]
+        assert 0.4 < time_from_second_start < 0.6, (
+            f"Delay completed {time_from_second_start:.3f}s after second start, expected ~0.5s"
+        )

tests/integration/test_scheduler_heap_stress.py

@@ -103,13 +103,14 @@ async def test_scheduler_heap_stress(
 
         # Wait for all callbacks to execute (should be quick, but give more time for scheduling)
         try:
-            await asyncio.wait_for(test_complete_future, timeout=60.0)
+            await asyncio.wait_for(test_complete_future, timeout=10.0)
         except asyncio.TimeoutError:
             # Report how many we got
+            missing_ids = sorted(set(range(1000)) - executed_callbacks)
             pytest.fail(
                 f"Stress test timed out. Only {len(executed_callbacks)} of "
                 f"1000 callbacks executed. Missing IDs: "
-                f"{sorted(set(range(1000)) - executed_callbacks)[:10]}..."
+                f"{missing_ids[:20]}... (total missing: {len(missing_ids)})"
             )
 
         # Verify all callbacks executed